Associations between caries experience, dietary habits, and metabolic syndrome in Japanese adults

Abstract

Dental caries could be a risk factor for metabolic syndrome (MetS); however, there is limited evidence of such a relationship in the literature. This cross-sectional study investigated the relationships among dental caries experience, dietary habits, and MetS in Japanese adults. A total of 937 participants aged 40-74 years underwent a health check, including dental examination. Decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT) were used as an index of caries experience. The mean DMFT score was 14, and 12% of the participants had MetS in this study. Multivariate logistic regression analyses showed that the prevalence of MetS was significantly related to DMFT (first vs. fourth quartile, odds ratio [OR] = 1.80; P < 0.05). In addition, the OR of DMFT for MetS was found to be greater in each successively higher DMFT quartile. The prevalence of MetS was significantly related to daily coffee consumption (OR = 0.51, P < 0.01), and the relationship between DMFT and MetS was noted after adjusting for daily coffee consumption. There appears to be a positive association between caries experience and MetS in Japanese adults. This relationship increased with the increase in DMFT regardless of dietary habits.

Associations between dental caries and systemic diseases: a scoping review

“…Additionally, lower socioeconomic status and poor toothbrushing habits were risk factors for dental caries only. Conclusion: Increased BMI in children and adolescents was significantly associated with increased risk for erosive tooth wear (BEWE) and dental caries (DMFT/dmft, ICDAS) Metabolic syndrome Iwasaki et al [ 64 ] Evaluate association between metabolic syndrome, diet and dental caries in Japanese adults by comparing participants with and without metabolic syndrome Cross sectional 937 Japan Outcomes: For diet, significant differences were noted between participants with and without metabolic syndrome for consumption of dairy products ( p < 0.01), bean products, sweets and coffee ( p < 0.05 each); for clinical parameters, significant differences were noted between groups for gender, age, Brinkman index, BMI, waist circumference, blood pressure-both systolic and diastolic, serum fasting blood glucose, high-density lipoproteins (HDL) cholesterol and CRP ( p < 0.001 each); for oral disease, significant difference was noted between periodontitis and DMFT ( p < 0.05 each); multivariate logistic regression analysis after adjusting for confounders showed association between metabolic syndrome prevalence and DMFT (first vs. fourth quartile, OR=1.8 and p>0.05) Conclusion: There appears to be positive association between caries and metabolic syndrome in Japanese adults. This association was strong in those with higher DMFT regardless of dietary habits Adachi et al [ 65 ] Human prospective study of one-year duration to understand relationship between dental caries, periodontitis, and metabolic syndrome (MetS).…”

Association of dental occlusal support with the Prognostic Nutritional Index in patients with esophageal cancer who underwent esophagectomy

“…Although there are no evidence of relationship DMF and cancer incidence or survival rate of cancer, so on, a positive association between caries experience and metabolic syndrome in Japanese adults were reported recently [29]. In the future, studies which showed the relationship between caries experience or the number of sound teeth and incidence or prognosis of cancer might increase gradually.…”

“Dental Cluster” Versus “Metabolic Cluster”: Analyzing the Associations of Planned and Delivered Dental Procedures with Metabolic Syndrome, Utilizing Data from the Dental, Oral, Medical Epidemiological (DOME) Cross-Sectional Record-Based Nationwide Study

“…We have also analyzed the associations between MetS and the diagnosis of "SOS teeth", which are the first priority teeth for treatment due to advanced caries reaching the pulp chamber or the presence of root fragments [12]. In other studies, instead of using pathologies as dental outcomes, the dental-MetS associations were analyzed using dental/periodontal indices as outcomes, including the Decayed, Missing, and Filled teeth (DMFT) index [6,7,13,14], the Community Periodontal Index (CPI) [15,16], clinical attachment loss (CAL) [16,17], plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), pocket depth (PD) [18], and tooth mobility [19]. Previously, we explored the associations of hypertension diagnosis with dental treatment needs and actual dental treatments [20].…”

“…For example, a genome-wide association study (GWAS) for interleukin-1β levels in gingival crevicular fluid identified IL37 variants that modulate the inflammatory cascade in periodontal disease [29]. It has been reported that several pro-inflammatory cytokines, including IL-1, -6, and -8, upregulate the secretion of MMP-3, which increased with the progression of periodontitis and was involved in the regulation of IL-1β expression in gingival tissues [14].…”