Associations Between C-Reactive Protein, Insulin Sensitivity, and Resting Metabolic Rate in Adults: A Mediator Analysis

Abstract

Objective: Long-term positive energy balance promotes the development of obesity, a main risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). While an association between increased resting metabolic rate (RMR) and insulin sensitivity (IS) was shown previously, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Aim of the mediator analysis was to investigate the role of inflammation within the association between RMR and IS.Methods: Anthropometric, clinical, and lifestyle data were collected according to standard operating procedures. RMR was measured using indirect calorimetry. Homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was used as an IS parameter and C-reactive protein (CRP) was measured to represent the inflammatory status. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS.Results: The analysis included 782 adults (517 females) with a mean age of 32.4 ± 12.0 years and a mean body mass index (BMI) of 24.6 ± 5.2 kg/m2. Regression analysis indicated a significant evidence for associations between RMR and HOMA-IR (ß = 39.3 ± 7.3 kcal/d; p ≤ 0.001) and CRP and HOMA-IR (ß = 0.5 ± 0.1; p ≤ 0.001) after adjustment for fat-free mass, sex, age, and study site. Results of the mediator analysis did not support the hypothesis that CRP is a mediator for the association between RMR and HOMA-IR. These results did not change after participant stratification according to sex or BMI.Conclusion: A significant evidence for an association between RMR and IS was shown in a large cohort. However, the inflammatory status, determined via CRP levels, was not a mediator within this association.

Association of Basal Metabolic Rate and Nutrients Oxidation with Cardiometabolic Risk Factors and Insulin Sensitivity in Sedentary Middle-Aged Adults

“…We showed that BMR was not associated with glucose homeostasis. Our results did not concur with those obtained by other studies that demonstrated that BMR was positively associated with plasma glucose, glucose tolerance, and insulin sensitivity in adults [15,16,39]. Patients with diabetes type 2 show an increased BMR probably due to the higher gluconeogenetic activity [40].…”

“…Patients with diabetes type 2 show an increased BMR probably due to the higher gluconeogenetic activity [40]. This BMR increment may be due to increased gluconeogenesis and hepatic glucose output, high protein metabolism, high oxidation levels for carbohydrate metabolism, activation of the sympathetic nervous system, and altered metabolic activities [17,39]. Moreover, there is a subset of obese individuals without classical cardiometabolic disturbances (i.e., metabolically healthy obesity phenotype) [41,42].…”

The Association Between Deficiency of Nutrient Intake on Resting Metabolic Rate in Overweight and Obese Women: A Cross-Sectional Study

“…Previous investigations recommend a negative association between RMR and insulin resistance (38,39). Studies revealed subjects with obesity and impaired glucose tolerance showed higher RMR levels than those with obesity and normal glucose tolerance (40). The physiological mechanisms responsible for the increased RMR in individuals with insulin resistance are poorly known.…”

Differentiating supraclavicular from gluteal adipose tissue based on simultaneous PDFF and T2* mapping using a 20‐echo gradient‐echo acquisition

“…Exclusion criteria for MRI measurements were pregnancy and standard contraindications for MRI examinations. The study design as well as the results regarding associations between MR and clinical parameters have been previously described in detail . For this analysis, we focused on a subset of subjects where a 20‐multiecho gradient echo acquisition of the supraclavicular and pelvic region had been performed.…”