Associations between animal characteristic and environmental risk factors and bovine respiratory disease in Australian feedlot cattle

Hay, Karen; Morton, John M.; Mahony, Timothy J.; Clements, Archie C. A.; Barnes, Tamsin S.

doi:10.1016/j.prevetmed.2016.01.013

Cited by 31 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The Australian National Bovine Respiratory Disease Initiative was a prospective longitudinal study in cattle in medium-sized to large Australian feedlot cattle that identified and quantified the effects of numerous putative risk factors for BRD (Hay et al, 2014;Hay et al, 2016a;Hay et al, 2016b;Hay et al, 2016c;Hay et al, 2016d;Hay et al, 2016e). The current study extends these findings.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 55%

“…The markedly increased risk for cattle in southern feedlots was reflected in very large PAFs and PARs. However, the effect estimates for the odds ratio of feedlot region was very imprecise and although consistently very high, differed from that estimated using the MLwiN® software (Hay et al, 2016d). Population-level estimates indicated induction season had a moderate effect.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…The causal pathways depicting relationships between variables of interest and between each of those variables and the development of BRD were hypothesised a priori as previously reported (Hay et al, 2014;Hay et al, 2016a;Hay et al, 2016b;Hay et al, 2016c;Hay et al, 2016d;Hay et al, 2016e). For some variables, the total effect was considered to be of main interest, whilst for others the direct effect was more relevant.…”

Section: Single Risk Factor Estimatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Population-level effects of risk factors for bovine respiratory disease in Australian feedlot cattle

Hay

Morton

Clements

et al. 2017

Preventive Veterinary Medicine

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Please cite this article as: Hay, K.E., Morton, J.M., Clements, A.C.A., Mahony, T.J., Barnes, T.S., Population-level effects of risk factors for bovine respiratory disease in Australian feedlot cattle.Preventive Veterinary Medicine http://dx.doi.org/10. 1016/j.prevetmed.2017.03.001 This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. HighlightsPopulation-level effects of risk factors for BRD in feedlot cattle were determined Risk factors with large effects were shared pen water, breed, mixing and move timing BVDV in the pen, prior group size and weight had moderate or modest effects 82% of BRD incidence was attributed to management-related risk factors 2 AbstractResults obtained from a nationwide longitudinal study were extended to estimate the population-level effects of selected risk factors on the incidence of bovine respiratory disease (BRD) during the first 50 days at risk in medium-sized to large Australian feedlots.Population attributable fractions (PAF) and population attributable risks (PAR) were used to rank selected risk factors in order of importance from the perspective of the Australian feedlot industry within two mutually exclusive categories: 'intervention' risk factors had practical strategies that feedlot managers could implement to avoid exposure of cattle to adverse levels of the risk factor and a precise estimate of the population-level effect while 'others' did not. An alternative method was also used to quantify the expected effects of simultaneously preventing exposure to multiple management-related factors whilst not changing exposure to factors that were more difficult to modify. Other important risk factors identified and prioritised for further research were feedlot region, season of induction and cohort formation patterns.3 An estimated 82% of BRD incidence was attributable to management-related risk factors, whereby the lowest risk category of a composite management-related variable comprised animals in the lowest risk category of at least four of the five component variables (shared pen water, mixing, move timing, BVDV-1 in the cohort and the number of animals in the animal's group-13). This indicated that widespread adoption of appropriate interventions including ensuring pen water is not shared between pens, optimising animal mixing before induction, timing of the animal's move to the vicinity of the feedlot, and group size prior to placing animals in feedlot pens, and avoiding BVDV-1 in cohorts could markedly reduce the incidence of BRD in medium-sized to large Australian feedlots.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 55%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Section: Single Risk Factor Estimatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Population-level effects of risk factors for bovine respiratory disease in Australian feedlot cattle

Hay

Morton

Clements

et al. 2017

Preventive Veterinary Medicine

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“…The generally higher seroprevalence compared to those reported in North American studies are not unexpected because cattle entering feedlots in North America are generally younger and lighter (Snowder et al, 2007;Sanderson et al, 2008). Although age of study animals at induction was unknown, median weight at induction for cattle enrolled in the NBRDI was 438 kg (Ref: Hay et al, 2016b) compared to a median of 335 kg in a large North American study (Sanderson et al, 2008). Animals entering Australian feedlots have more extensive mixing histories (Hay et al, 2014); older animals which have previously been commingled with animals from other farms would be more likely have been exposed to and developed immunological memory to a wider range of pathogens compared to younger animals.…”

Section: Tablementioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between exposure to viruses and bovine respiratory disease in Australian feedlot cattle

Hay

Barnes

Morton

et al. 2016

Preventive Veterinary Medicine

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“…2012, Avra et al 2017 and approximately 75% of the total morbidity (Edwards 2010). In Australia, the mortality rate reaches 50% (Hay et al 2016). In one study the Midwest region of Brazil (Malafaia et al 2016), 45% of the diagnoses of diseases in feedlot cattle were BRD, and in one feedlot in the Southeast (Baptista et al 2017), 87% of the total diagnoses were pneumonia and mortality from this disease was 20%.…”

Section: Pneumoniasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Causes of death in feedlot beef cattle and their control: a brief review

2020

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This review reports the leading causes of death in feedlot beef cattle. It describes economic losses resulting from these deaths and suggests control alternatives. Diseases associated with the respiratory and digestive systems were the most frequently observed. In different geographical areas, the importance of each one might vary. Outbreaks of diseases such as botulism occur occasionally and can cause important economic losses. Cattle tick fever can cause significant losses in zones of enzootic tick instability. Technical assistance and sanitary and food management are critical for the best productivity in feedlot cattle.

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Associations between animal characteristic and environmental risk factors and bovine respiratory disease in Australian feedlot cattle

Cited by 31 publications

References 16 publications

Population-level effects of risk factors for bovine respiratory disease in Australian feedlot cattle

Population-level effects of risk factors for bovine respiratory disease in Australian feedlot cattle

Associations between exposure to viruses and bovine respiratory disease in Australian feedlot cattle

Causes of death in feedlot beef cattle and their control: a brief review

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