Associations between active commuting to school, fat mass and lifestyle factors in adolescents: the Kiel Obesity Prevention Study (KOPS)

Landsberg, Beate; Plachta-Danielzik, Sandra; Much, Daniela; Johannsen, Maike; Lange, D.; Müller, Manfred J.

doi:10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602781

Cited by 74 publications

(109 citation statements)

References 36 publications

(37 reference statements)

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“…In addition, we did not account for distance to school. Children using active modes of transport may live closer to schools, and active transportation over a short distance may not be enough to change indicators of body fat [50]. These results are in concordance with the literature [51,52], also showing no associations between children’s active transport and body weight.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Sedentary behaviors, physical activity behaviors, and body fat in 6-year-old children: the Generation R Study

Wijtzes

Bouthoorn

Jansen

et al. 2014

Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act

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BackgroundChildhood overweight and obesity is a major public health concern. Knowledge on modifiable risk factors is needed to design effective intervention programs. This study aimed to assess associations of children’s sedentary behaviors (television viewing and computer game use) and physical activity behaviors (sports participation, outdoor play, and active transport to/from school) with three indicators of body fat, i.e., percent fat mass, body mass index (BMI) standard deviation scores, and weight status (normal weight, overweight).MethodsCross-sectional data from 5913 6-year-old ethnically diverse children were analyzed. Children’s weight and height were objectively measured and converted to BMI. Weight status was defined according to age- and sex-specific cut-off points of the International Obesity Task Force. BMI standard deviation scores were created, based on Dutch reference growth curves. Fat mass was measured my dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Sedentary and physical activity behaviors were assessed by parent-reported questionnaires. Series of logistic and linear regression analyses were performed, controlling for confounders (i.e., socio-demographic factors, family lifestyle factors, and other sedentary behaviors and physical activity behaviors).ResultsSports participation was inversely associated with fat mass (p < 0.001), even after adjustment for socio-demographic factors, family lifestyle factors, and other sedentary behaviors and physical activity behaviors. No other independent associations were observed.ConclusionsThe results of this study indicate that sports participation is inversely associated with percent body fat among ethnically diverse 6-year-old children. More research in varied populations including objective measurements and longitudinal designs are needed to confirm these current results.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Sedentary behaviors, physical activity behaviors, and body fat in 6-year-old children: the Generation R Study

Wijtzes

Bouthoorn

Jansen

et al. 2014

Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Hohepa et al (24) found that Australian adolescents who actively commute to school were not active during other periods such as morning recess, lunch breaks and after-school activities during school days. Conversely, two studies in German and American adolescents showed that active commuters reported higher levels of physical activity (25,26) . The difference between studies may be partially explained by how physical activity was measured.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Landsberg et al (25) also found that dietary patterns were not associated with active commuting to school in 14-year-old adolescents. Finally, we also investigated whether habitual smoking or alcohol intake was associated with active commuting to school.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Behavioural correlates of active commuting to school in Spanish adolescents: the AFINOS (Physical Activity as a Preventive Measure Against Overweight, Obesity, Infections, Allergies, and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Adolescents) study

Martínez‐Gómez

Veiga

Gómez‐Martínez

et al. 2011

Public Health Nutr.

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Objective: To examine the associations between lifestyle factors and active commuting to school in Spanish adolescents. Design: Cross-sectional study. Lifestyle factors (overall/extracurricular physical activity, television viewing, reading as a hobby, sleep duration, breakfast/fruit intake, smoking and alcohol intake) as well as mode and duration of commuting to school were self-reported. Active commuters were defined as those adolescents who walked or cycled to school. Setting: Secondary schools in Madrid, Spain. Subjects: Adolescents (n 2029) aged 13 to 17 years. Results: Similar percentages of adolescent boys (57?6 %) and girls (56?1 %) were classified as active commuters to school (P 5 0?491). The analysis showed that only adequate sleep duration (OR 5 1?35, 95 % CI 1?11, 1?66; P 5 0?003) and breakfast consumption (OR 5 0?66, 95 % CI 0?49, 0?87; P 5 0?004) were independently associated with active commuting to school. Conclusions: Only those behaviours that occur immediately before commuting to school (sleep and breakfast) are associated with active commuting in Spanish adolescents.

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“…Food items were classified in categories as follows: 1 5 never, 2 5 1-2 times/week, 3 5 3-5 times/week and 4 5 daily. Although overestimation of the mean consumption frequency of food items must be considered using the FFQ, a satisfactory test-retest reliability of the FFQ items (intra-class correlation coefficient 5 0?68) has been demonstrated elsewhere (28) . On the basis of children's responses, two dietary indices were calculated.…”

Section: Dietary Behaviourmentioning

confidence: 95%

Clustering of multiple lifestyle behaviours and its relationship with weight status and cardiorespiratory fitness in a sample of Flemish 11- to 12-year-olds

Seghers

Rutten

2010

Public Health Nutr.

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Objective: The aim of the present study was to explore the existence of clusters in multiple lifestyle behaviours, including physical activity (PA), sedentariness and food habits, in young adolescents. The present study also investigated whether the identified groups could be characterised by gender and components of health-related physical fitness, especially weight status and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF). Design: A cross-sectional survey. Leisure-time PA, sedentary behaviour and food consumption were assessed by a questionnaire. Overweight prevalence was estimated using BMI (kg/m 2 ) calculated from self-reported height and weight. CRF was measured using a 20 m shuttle-run test. Setting: The study was conducted in four middle schools in Flanders, Belgium. Subjects: The sample size was 317 seventh grade students aged 11-12 years. Results: Four reliable and meaningful lifestyle clusters could be identified, labelled as 'Sporty media-oriented mixed eaters' (boys: n 34; girls: n 16), 'Academic healthy eaters' (boys: n 30; girls: n 58), 'Inactive healthy eaters' (boys: n 38; girls: n 57) and 'Inactive media-oriented unhealthy eaters' (boys: n 35; girls: n 49). The lifestyle clusters could not be characterised by adolescents' weight status. Among boys, the 'Sporty media-oriented mixed eaters' group performed significantly better on the shuttle-run test than those in clusters with the lowest levels of PA (clusters 3 and 4). Conclusions: Our results showed that healthy and risk-related behaviours may coexist in some groups of young adolescents. Isolated unhealthy behaviours, such as high levels of screen-based media use or high consumption of energydense food items, are not necessarily related with negative health outcomes, on the condition that these risk-related behaviours co-occur with more healthenhancing behaviours such as PA. Dramatic increases in childhood obesity over the past decades suggest the predominance of influential behavioural factors over genetic factors. It is generally believed that today's environment enforces an inactive lifestyle that is likely to contribute to a positive energy balance and childhood obesity (1) . Despite the important role of nutrition (energy input) and physical activity (PA; energy output) in the prevention of childhood obesity, there seems to be limited research addressing the relationship between multiple health behaviours or clusters based on this energy-balance approach (2)(3)(4) . Previous literature in this area has mainly focused on describing bivariate associations between PA and sedentary behaviour (5) , PA and food choices (6,7) or sedentary behaviour and food choices (8,9) . Although significant relationships may exist between two health behaviours, the reported correlations are predominantly weak and often too small to be of much clinical or practical significance. Nevertheless, the low correlations between health-related behaviours does not exclude the existence of clusters or groups of young people who show negative health profiles due to factors such...

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Associations between active commuting to school, fat mass and lifestyle factors in adolescents: the Kiel Obesity Prevention Study (KOPS)

Abstract: The present data suggest that active commuting to school per se does not affect FM or BMI until considering distance to school. Increasing walking or cycling distance results in decreasing FM. However, the everyday need to get to and from school may enhance adolescents' overall PA.

Cited by 74 publications

References 36 publications

Sedentary behaviors, physical activity behaviors, and body fat in 6-year-old children: the Generation R Study

Sedentary behaviors, physical activity behaviors, and body fat in 6-year-old children: the Generation R Study

Behavioural correlates of active commuting to school in Spanish adolescents: the AFINOS (Physical Activity as a Preventive Measure Against Overweight, Obesity, Infections, Allergies, and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Adolescents) study

Clustering of multiple lifestyle behaviours and its relationship with weight status and cardiorespiratory fitness in a sample of Flemish 11- to 12-year-olds

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