Associations among student conflict management style and attitudes toward empathy

Hastings, Tessa J.; Kavookjian, Jan; Ekong, Gladys

doi:10.1016/j.cptl.2018.09.019

Cited by 14 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…The KCES is used to assess empathy in nursing students and simulation training. 21,30,31,40 The scale has not been adapted to any other language. However, studies report high reliability, indicating that it is an adequate measurement tool to assess empathy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Turkish validity and reliability of the Kiersma–Chen empathy scale

Şahin-Bayındır

Sükut

Yılmaz

et al. 2021

Perspect Psychiatric Care

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Purpose This study aimed to establish the Turkish validity and reliability of the Kiersma‐Chen empathy scale (KCES) and determine its psychometric properties. Design and Methods This methodological study was carried out with 227 nursing students between April and May 2019. Findings The Cronbach's alpha coefficient of the total scale is 0.854, the test–retest coefficient was high for the total scale (r = 0.989), and total‐item correlations ranged between 0.398 and 0.712. Practice Implications The KCES‐TR is a valid and reliable scale to measure empathy in nursing students.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Turkish validity and reliability of the Kiersma–Chen empathy scale

Şahin-Bayındır

Sükut

Yılmaz

et al. 2021

Perspect Psychiatric Care

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“…Being in this intermediate level can explain why they exhibit low empathy levels when compared to the other groups, keeping in mind that empathy is a social skill, mostly acquired through social practice and interactions with as many patients as possible through time. One way to improve empathy, in this case, is to develop continuous and integrated strategies to enhance empathic skills, and to progressively evaluate the ability of pharmacists to respond empathically throughout their clinical progression [ 38 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors associated with empathy among community pharmacists in Lebanon

Hobeika

Hallit

Sacre³

et al. 2020

J of Pharm Policy and Pract

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Introduction Empathy is the cornerstone of the relationship between the healthcare provider and the patient. In Lebanon, no studies have investigated the factors associated with empathy among community pharmacists. Hence, the importance of this research to better understand empathy and help community pharmacists with this vital aspect of their practice. Objective This study aimed to evaluate empathy and possible factors associated with it among Lebanese community pharmacists. Methods This cross-sectional study was carried out between March and July 2018. It enrolled a proportionate random sample of 435 community pharmacists from all Lebanese districts. The Epi info software calculated the minimum sample size, based on a total number of 3762 community pharmacists, with an expected frequency of 50% of pharmacists with low empathy, and a 95% confidence interval. The minimal sample size required was 350 community pharmacists; our sample size was 435 to account for missing values. Results Our results revealed that 228 (53.4%) pharmacists had low empathy. Lower empathy was significantly associated with more physical (Beta = − 0.331) and mental (Beta = − 0.126) work fatigue, higher age (Beta = − 0.125) and a practice experience between 3 years and less than 6 years compared to less than 6 months (Beta = − 2.440). Conclusion This study shed the light on some factors associated with empathy among Lebanese community pharmacists. Low empathy levels were significantly associated with factors such as age, practice experience, and mental and physical work fatigue, all of which impact the practice, as the accepted model of pharmacy practice requires that pharmacists establish effective communication and use interpersonal skills. Therefore, developing empathetic communication skills is considered essential. Furthermore, increased mental and physical work fatigue should not hinder community pharmacists’ access to self-care, whether for their mental or physical health.

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“…These studies have provided evidence of the relationships between KCES scores and positive impacts of educational interventions to improve empathy, conflict management, and willingness to provide care. [10][11][12][13][14] Yet, despite its widespread use and some validity evidence, the major source of validity evidence for the KCES is its original validation. 8 There exists an opportunity to investigate the psychometric properties of KCES using data from its many administrations, which could identify potential measurement issues or possible changes to improve the scale clarity or validity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation and Revision of the Kiersma-Chen Empathy Scale

Aronson

Chen

Blakely

et al. 2022

American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education

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This study aimed to provide further validity evidence for the KCES by analyzing data collected from multiple administrations of the KCES along with cognitive interviews of students in pharmacy and nursing programs to identify revisions of the Kiersma-Chen Empathy Scale: The KCES-Revised (KCES-R). Methods. De-identified data from previous KCES administrations were used for scale evaluation. Response process validity evidence was enhanced through cognitive interviews with 20 pre-pharmacy/pharmacy students at Cedarville University. After survey revisions, the cognitive interview process was repeated with 10 University of Wyoming nursing students.Results. Based on psychometric data and cognitive interviews, the KCES was revised as follows: (1) key components of cognitive and affective empathy were retained, (2) scaling was changed to reflect necessity and empathy ability, (3) negatively-worded items were removed, and (4) instrument was changed to two parallel subscales. Conclusion.This study used data from thousands of geographically and professionally diverse samples. Based on potential problems identified in quantitative analyses, cognitive interviews with nursing and pharmacy students were conducted, and modifications to the KCES were made. Further psychometric validation is needed regarding the KCES-R.

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Associations among student conflict management style and attitudes toward empathy

Cited by 14 publications

References 62 publications

The Turkish validity and reliability of the Kiersma–Chen empathy scale

The Turkish validity and reliability of the Kiersma–Chen empathy scale

Factors associated with empathy among community pharmacists in Lebanon

Evaluation and Revision of the Kiersma-Chen Empathy Scale

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