Associations among Health Perceptions and Health Status within Three Age Groups

Rakowski, William; C, Cryan

doi:10.1177/089826439000200105

Cited by 62 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…However, studies on the association between physical health and subjective health are often inconsistent, ranging from low or even nonsignificant effects (e.g., Johnson & Wolinsky, 1993) to highly significant associations (e.g., Rakowski & Cryan, 1990). A part of this heterogeneity may be based on the use of different indicators of objective health (e.g., medical examination conducted according to a strict protocol, patients' self-ratings on symptom checklists, or number of doctor visits).…”

Section: Associations Between Objective Health and Subjective Healthmentioning

confidence: 98%

Correlates of subjective health in older adults: A meta-analysis.

Pinquart¹

2001

Psychology and Aging

365

288

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Age-associated changes of subjective health and associations of subjective health with physical health, functional health, and mental health were meta-analyzed in older adults (M age > 60 years). An age-associated decline of subjective health, which was stronger in old-old samples than in young-old samples, was found. Subjective health was correlated with the indicators of objective health, but the association with physical health was stronger than with functional health. Correlations of subjective health with physical health and functional health were lower in the old-old than in the young-old samples, whereas associations of subjective health with mental health were stronger in older samples. Furthermore, the size of the association between subjective and objective health varied by the method of assessment of objective health, showing highest associations with symptom checklists and results of medical examinations due to strict protocols.

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Section: Associations Between Objective Health and Subjective Healthmentioning

confidence: 98%

Correlates of subjective health in older adults: A meta-analysis.

Pinquart¹

2001

Psychology and Aging

365

288

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Idler 1993;Jang et al 2004;Rakowski and Cryan 1990). One essential cause for this age-related divergence presumably lies in the biological, societal and age-normative structuring of the life course.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Serious health events and their impact on changes in subjective health and life satisfaction: the role of age and a positive view on ageing

2008

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Various studies have pointed to the great importance of subjective health as an indicator for mortality in older age, while less is known about factors that contribute to changes of subjective (self-rated) health over time. Based on a nationwide longitudinal survey (German Ageing Survey, = 1,286; initial age 40-85), two major findings emerged: first, the incidence of a serious health event caused greater changes in subjective health and life satisfaction in middle compared to older age. This was as expected because serious health events are less common in middle age and are correspondingly experienced more often as an "off-time event". Secondly, the study extended previous findings on the impact of a positive view of ageing on health by showing that this optimistic view positively affects subjective health and life satisfaction even in the face of a serious health event. Overall, the study indicates that a positive view on ageing is an important psychological resource in the case of a serious health event, both when it occurs on-time or off-time from a developmental perspective.

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“…It would appear that some part of the aging process may be a buffer to pain-related suffering. Several hypotheses have been offered for this effect, generally centered around either greater temporal experience with pain and other life stressors (Aldwin, 1991;Molton et al, 2007) or social cognitive effects such as social comparison to less well older adults (Idler, 1993;Rakowski & Cryan, 1990) and/or beliefs about the "normalcy" of pain or activity restriction associated with aging (Cook & Thomas, 1994;Greenlee, 1991;Parmelee, 1997;Riley et al, 2000;Sofaer et al, 2005;Williamson, 1998;Williamson & Schulz, 1995).…”

Section: Nih-pa Author Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coping With Chronic Pain Among Younger, Middle-Aged, and Older Adults Living With Neurological Injury and Disease

et al. 2008

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Objective-This article compares use of pain coping strategies among older, middle-aged, and younger adults living with chronic pain and seeks to determine whether the relationship between pain severity and coping is moderated by age.Method-Participants were 464 adults reporting chronic pain secondary to multiple sclerosis, spinal cord injury, or neuromuscular disease. Participants completed a survey including measures of pain severity and the Chronic Pain Coping Inventory.Results-After controlling for clinical and demographic variables, older adults (older than 60) reported a wider range of frequently used strategies and significantly more frequent engagement in activity pacing, seeking social support, and use of coping self-statements than did younger or middleaged adults. Moderation analyses suggest that, for younger adults, efforts at coping generally increased with greater pain severity, whereas this relationship did not exist for older adults.Discussion-These data suggest differences in the quantity and quality of pain coping among age groups. Keywords chronic pain; older adults; SCI; MS; neuromuscular diseaseAging is associated with a number of uncontrollable stressors, including retirement, financial strain, bereavement, changes in social support, and health decline (Aldwin, 1990;Krause, Jay, & Liang, 1991;Murrell, Norris, & Hutchins, 1984). Despite this, most research has demonstrated a decline in perceived stress and increase in well-being with increasing age (e.g., NIH-PA Author ManuscriptNIH-PA Author Manuscript NIH-PA Author Manuscript Aldwin, 1991;Paykel, 1983;Silverman, Eichler, & Williams, 1987). Consistent with this observation, research during the past several decades has examined the ways that older adults cope with stressors and has noted differences in both the process and the content of coping as compared to younger adults. In general, these differences have favored older adults, suggesting more effective coping in later life. For example, from the psychodynamic or developmental perspective, Vaillant (1977) reported that middle-aged men used fewer neurotic and immature defense mechanisms as compared to their younger selves. More recently, Diehl, Coyle, and Labouvie-Vief (1996) reported that a group of older adults reported a combination of coping strategies indicative of "greater impulse control" and positive appraisal of conflict situations as compared to younger adults and adolescents. Studies of standardized measures of coping have also supported these findings, suggesting that older adults generally use less escapism and avoidant coping (Aldwin & Revenson, 1985, cited in Aldwin, 1991 Irion & BlanchardFields, 1987). However, findings of more effective or positive coping in older adults have not been consistent across stressors or populations. Folkman, Lazarus, Pimley, and Novacek (1987) found that older people used relatively more escape avoidance, although this effect could not be replicated by Aldwin (1991). Furthermore, very small (Aldwin, Sutton, Chiara, & Spiro, 1996) or n...

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Associations among Health Perceptions and Health Status within Three Age Groups

Cited by 62 publications

References 32 publications

Correlates of subjective health in older adults: A meta-analysis.

Correlates of subjective health in older adults: A meta-analysis.

Serious health events and their impact on changes in subjective health and life satisfaction: the role of age and a positive view on ageing

Coping With Chronic Pain Among Younger, Middle-Aged, and Older Adults Living With Neurological Injury and Disease

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