Association of Western and Traditional Diets With Depression and Anxiety in Women

Jacka, Felice N.; Pasco, Julie A.; Mykletun, Arnstein; Williams, Lana J.; Hodge, Allison; O’Reilly, Sharleen; Nicholson, Geoffrey C.; Kotowicz, Mark A.; Berk, Michael

doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2009.09060881

Cited by 613 publications

(583 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…For example in a study on women 20-93 years no association was found between consumption of a Mediterranean-type diet, containing fruit, salads, fi sh, tofu, beans, nuts, yogurt, and red wine, and anxiety (JACKA et al, 2010). The reason of discrepancy in the results of studies could be the cohort or cross-sectional nature of the studies, difference in the method of assessing psychological disorders, difference in study population (one sex or both, educational level, healthy subjects or patients), the use of principal component analysis for extraction of dietary patterns, difference in statistical methods, and the type of covariates used.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…For example, a lower consumption of fruit was associated with higher scores of perceived stress in a cross-sectional study on college students (LIU et al, 2007). Likewise, a traditional healthy dietary pattern characterized by vegetables, fruit, meat, fi sh, and whole grains was associated with lower odds for anxiety disorders in a cross-sectional study of women aged 20-93 years in Australia (JACKA et al, 2010). Antioxidants and polyphenols in fruit of the Mediterranean-type dietary pattern may be effi cacious in prevention of anxiety (BOUAYED, 2010).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Associations between Western and Mediterranean-type dietary patterns and anxiety and stress

Kamali¹,

Dastsouz²,

Sadeghi³

et al. 2016

Acta Alimentaria

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In this study we investigated the relationship between dietary patterns and anxiety and stress in adults living in Shiraz, Iran. In a cross-sectional design, 416 subjects (180 men and 236 women) aged 20 to 50 years were selected by stratifi ed multistage random sampling. Dietary intakes were assessed using a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Mental health information was collected by depression, anxiety and stress scale (DASS) questionnaire. Three major dietary patterns were extracted by factor analysis: vegetable, Western, and Mediterraneantype dietary patterns. Regression analysis showed a strong positive association between Western dietary pattern and anxiety (β=0.66; 95% CI: 0.03, 1.28), and stress (β=0.84; 95% CI: 0.1, 1.57). Also, there was an inverse association between Mediterranean-type dietary pattern and anxiety (β= -0.81; 95% CI: -1.43, -0.19). These associations remained statistically signifi cant even after adjustments for demographic characteristics, physical activity, smoking, body mass index, and energy intake. No association was found between vegetable dietary pattern and any of the assessed psychiatric disorders.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Associations between Western and Mediterranean-type dietary patterns and anxiety and stress

Kamali¹,

Dastsouz²,

Sadeghi³

et al. 2016

Acta Alimentaria

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show abstract

“…In recent years, dietary patterns have been the subject of increased attention in the field of adolescent mental health. Researchers noticed that inadequate nutrition and poor diet quality (fast food, confectionery items, animal foods) are more frequently associated with mental problems (10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15) . A cross-sectional relationship between diet quality and depression was verified in a large sample of adolescents from a diverse range of sociodemographic backgrounds (13) .…”

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confidence: 99%

Is there any relationship between dietary patterns and depression and anxiety in Chinese adolescents?

Weng

Hao

Qing-wen

et al. 2011

Public Health Nutr.

162

123

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Objective: To determine the association between major dietary patterns characterized by factor analysis and risk of depression and anxiety symptoms among adolescents. Design: Diet and symptoms of depression and anxiety were assessed in a crosssectional survey among students attending junior high school. Dietary patterns were derived from a self-reported FFQ, which consisted of thirty-eight items. Anthropometric measurements were also performed. Setting: Four junior high schools in Bengbu city, China. Subjects: A random sample of 5003 adolescents, 11-16 years of age (mean 13?21 years). Results: Three major dietary patterns were identified in the study based on factor analysis: 'snack', 'animal food' and 'traditional'. The prevalence of depression symptoms, anxiety disorders and the coexistence of both were 11?2 % (560/5003), 14?6 % (732/5003) and 12?6 % (629/5003), respectively. After adjustment for potential confounders, adolescents in the highest tertile of snack dietary pattern scores had a higher odds for 'pure' psychological symptoms ('depression without anxiety', OR 5 1?64; 95 % CI 1?30, 2?06; and 'anxiety without depression', OR 5 1?87; 95 % CI 1?51, 2?31) compared with coexisting depression and anxiety (OR 5 1?93; 95 % CI 1?54, 2?43). Similar to snacks, high consumption of animal foods was associated with a higher risk of psychological symptoms. Compared with low consumption, adolescents in the highest tertile of traditional dietary pattern scores had lower odds for 'pure' depression (OR 5 0?38; 95 % CI 0?30, 0?49), 'pure' anxiety (OR 5 0?85; 95 % CI 0?69, 1?04) and coexisting anxiety and depression (OR 5 0?50; 95 % CI 0?39, 0?63).

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“…An unhealthy dietary pattern has been associated with poor mental health in both adults [6,7], children and adolescents [8], even though the precise mechanisms are unclear [9]. A general concern is given to the effects of the typically modern Western dietary pattern, which is characterized by high levels of meat and saturated fat and low levels of fish and vegetables [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of school meals with fatty fish on adolescents’ self-reported symptoms for mental health: FINS-TEENS - a randomized controlled intervention trial

Skotheim

Handeland

Kjellevold³

et al. 2017

Food & Nutrition Research

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There is a growing body of evidence linking fish consumption and n-3 LCPUFAs to mental health. Still, the results from randomized trials with n-3 LCPUFAs show conflicting results, and it is possible that the combined effect of several nutrients in fish may explain the observed associations. To aim of the present study was to investigate if school meals with fatty fish three times per week for 12 weeks could alter mental health in a sample of typically developing adolescents. In the Fish Intervention Studies-TEENS (FINS-TEENS), adolescents from eight secondary schools (n=425) in Norway, were randomized to receive school meals with fatty fish, meat or n-3 LCPUFA supplements. Mental health was assessed with the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) and the differences between the groups were assessed with linear mixed effect models, unadjusted and adjusted for baseline and dietary compliance. The results showed no effects of school meals with fatty fish compared to similar meals with meat or n-3 LCPUFAs on the adolescents’ self-reported symptom scores for mental health. Among adolescents scoring above the SDQ cut-offs (high-scorers), the fish- improved less than the meat group in the self-reported symptom scores for total difficulties- and emotional problems. However, the findings should be regarded as preliminary, as the analyses for the high-scorer group were underpowered. In conclusion, serving school meals with fatty fish did not alter mental health in a typically developing sample of adolescents. It is possible that serving healthy school meals with meat is more beneficial than similar meals with fatty fish in adolescents scoring high on mental health problems. However, the results should be seen as preliminary, as the dietary compliance in the fish group was low and the analyses in the high score group underpowered. Thus, further studies should investigate the associations between fish consumption and adolescents’ mental health.

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Association of Western and Traditional Diets With Depression and Anxiety in Women

Abstract: These results demonstrate an association between habitual diet quality and the high-prevalence mental disorders, although reverse causality and confounding cannot be ruled out as explanations. Further prospective studies are warranted.

Cited by 613 publications

References 37 publications

Associations between Western and Mediterranean-type dietary patterns and anxiety and stress

Associations between Western and Mediterranean-type dietary patterns and anxiety and stress

Is there any relationship between dietary patterns and depression and anxiety in Chinese adolescents?

The effect of school meals with fatty fish on adolescents’ self-reported symptoms for mental health: FINS-TEENS - a randomized controlled intervention trial

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