Association of Weather With Day-to-Day Incidence of Myocardial Infarction

Abstract

IMPORTANCE Whether certain weather conditions modulate the onset of myocardial infarction (MI) is of great interest to clinicians because it could be used to prevent MIs as well as guide allocation of health care resources. OBJECTIVE To determine if weather is associated with day-today incidence of MI. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS In this prospective, population-based and nationwide setting, daily weather data from the Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute were extracted for all MIs reported to the Swedish nationwide coronary care unit registry, Swedish Web-System for Enhancement and Development of Evidence-Based Care in Heart Disease Evaluated According to Recommended Therapies (SWEDEHEART), during 1998 to 2013 and then merged with each MI on date of symptom onset and coronary care unit. All patients admitted to any coronary care unit in Sweden owing to MI were included. A total of 280 873 patients were included, of whom 92 044 were diagnosed as having ST-elevation MI. Weather data were available for 274 029 patients (97.6%), which composed the final study population. Data were analyzed between February 2017 and April 2018. EXPOSURES The nationwide daily mean air temperature, minimum air temperature, maximum air temperature, wind velocity, sunshine duration, atmospheric air pressure, air humidity, snow precipitation, rain precipitation, and change in air temperature. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The nationwide daily counts of MI as outcome. RESULTS In 274 029 patients, mean (SD) age was 71.7 (12) years. Incidence of MI increased with lower air temperature, lower atmospheric air pressure, higher wind velocity, and shorter sunshine duration. The most pronounced association was observed for air temperature, where a 1-SD increase in air temperature (7.4°C) was associated with a 2.8% reduction in risk of MI (unadjusted incidence ratio, 0.972; 95% CI, 0.967-0.977; P <.001). Results were consistent for non-ST-elevation MI as well as ST-elevation MI and across a large range of subgroups and health care regions. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE In this large, nationwide study, low air temperature, low atmospheric air pressure, high wind velocity, and shorter sunshine duration were associated with risk of MI with the most evident association observed for air temperature.

Impact of Temperature Variation on Acute Myocardial Infarction in Karachi, Pakistan

“…A direct comparison of our study finding with previous studies is difficult owing to the differences and inconsistencies in the study design and statistical methods. On an aggregate level, we observed the same relationship between temperature and AMI, along with with the same seasonal variations, as the studies conducted in the past [5,[9][10][11][12][13][14][18][19][20]. Among other metrological variables, temperature variations have a profound and consistent impact on the incidence of AMI, not only in its extreme states (both high and low) but also transient change in temperature can trigger acute myocardial infarction (AMI) [5].…”

“…Among other metrological variables, temperature variations have a profound and consistent impact on the incidence of AMI, not only in its extreme states (both high and low) but also transient change in temperature can trigger acute myocardial infarction (AMI) [5]. The potential biological mechanism behind temperature variation-triggered AMI was explained as coronary plaque instability and myocardial ischemia precipitated by increased blood pressure and heart rate due to subsequent vasoconstriction after a rise in catecholamine levels due to the stimulation of cold receptors in the skin [18,[21][22][23][24]. Furthermore, exposure to the cold temperature causes haemoconcentration and a decrease in plasma volume and an increase in diuresis and blood viscosity, which can result in increased platelet counts and plasma concentration which may stimulate thrombosis [25].…”

Impact of Foehn Wind and Related Environmental Variables on the Incidence of Cardiac Events

“…Boussoussou et al have reported positive significant association between acute cardiovascular diseases and a cold front effect lagged by one day [14]. Mohammad et al demonstrated that incidence of myocardial infarction increased with higher wind velocity, lower air temperature, lower atmospheric air pressure, and shorter sunshine duration [15]. Similarly, Honda et al found that increased incidence of acute myocardial infarction corresponds to lower minimum temperature occurring on the second day preceding the onset of wind [17].…”

“…A large body of evidence reported in the literature shows there is an association between windrelated environmental variables and cardiovascular or cerebrovascular events, with impact observed also on the preceding days [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23]. Boussoussou et al have reported positive significant association between acute cardiovascular diseases and a cold front effect lagged by one day [14].…”

Herzinfarktsterblichkeit innerhalb und außerhalb der Kliniken in Berlin

“…Ergebnis Von den 1076 identifizierten Patienten verstarben 66 % außerhalb und 34 % während ihres Krankenhausaufenthaltes. Die innerhalb und außerhalb der Kliniken am Infarkt Verstorbenen zeigten keine Unterschiede im Anteil Frauen (40,4 % innerhalb, 39,0 % außerhalb; p = 0,671), in der Häufigkeit der Obduktion (16,(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)6 %; p = 0,938) oder in der Todesart "nicht natürlich" bzw. ungewiss (17,(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)3 %; p = 0,388).…”