Association of Viral Load and CD4+ count with Infection of Intestinal Emerging Parasites in HIV Patients

Eligio-García, Leticia; Cano-Estrada, Apolinar; Cruz, César Torres; Jiménez-Cardoso, Enedina

doi:10.4172/2155-6113.1000644

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“…It has been documented that high viral replication may deteriorate the immune function and thereby accelerate susceptibility to IPI. [40][41][42] Furthermore, HAART experienced children who had cytopenia on their blood were 2.71-times more at risk of an increase in the prevalence of IPI (AOR=2.71; 95% CI=1.59-12.25; P=0.001). This finding is similar with a previous study conducted among school children in Egypt, 43 and Southern Angola 44 there was a strong association between anemia and IPI, and this was probably due to that lower blood cell counts such as cytopenia may be lowering the immunity to infections which leads to extend the intestinal parasite infection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Intestinal Parasitic Infection and Associated Factors Among HAART Initiated Children Attending at University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia

Bayleyegn

Woldu

Yalew

et al. 2021

HIV

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Background: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and intestinal parasites co-infections are the most common causes of clinical illness and death, especially for children living in resource constrained setting. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and associated factors of intestinal parasites among highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART) initiated children. Methods: Cross-sectional study was conducted among 255 HAART initiated HIV-infected children at the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital from January to April 2020. Socio-demographic characteristics were collected using a structured questionnaire via a face-to-face interview. Clinical data of the children were collected by reviewing the medical records. Venous blood was collected for complete blood counts, viral load determination, and blood film examination. Flotation concentration technique was done in addition to direct wet mount for parasitological examination. Bi-variable and multi-variable logistic regression analysis were used to check the presence of significant association, and P-value<0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: The overall prevalence of intestinal parasite infection (IPI) among the study participants was 22.4% (95% CI=17-28%). The presence of opportunistic infection (AOR=2.09 95% CI=1.81-5.43), no eating under-cooked animal products (AOR=0.38 95% CI=0.16-0.94), male sex (AOR=0.45 95% CI=0.22-0.90), viral load rate >1,000 copies/mL (AOR=1.80 95% CI=1.67-4.19), and cytopenia (AOR=2.71 95% CI=1.59-12.25) showed significant association with the prevalence of IPI. Conclusion: Entamoeba histolytica and Ascaris lumbricoides were the most prevalent intestinal parasites among HAART initiated children. Among HAART initiated children, IPI were associated with gender, cytopenia, viral load, undercooked animal products, and the presence of opportunistic infections. Therefore, health education, prompt treatment, and regular deworming should be implemented to alleviate the burden of intestinal parasites in HIV-infected children.

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