Association of Urinary and Plasma Levels of Trimethylamine N-Oxide (TMAO) with Foods

Lombardo, Mauro; Aulisa, Giovanni; Marcon, Daniele; Rizzo, Gianluca; Tarsisano, Maria Grazia; Renzo, Laura Di; Federici, Massimo; Caprio, Massimiliano; Lorenzo, Antonino De

doi:10.3390/nu13051426

Cited by 25 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Moreover, a two-year MD positively acted on Bacteroides and Prevotella and on some saccharolytic genera, including Roseburia, Faecalibacterium, and Ruminococcus [58]. A study reported that MD, in a cohort of 153 Italian individuals, increased the levels of fecal SCFAs and the relative abundances of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes, while a low adherence to the MD was the leading factor for an increased level of urinary TMAO (TriMethylAmine N-Oxide) and of Ruminococcus [35], and, as reported by Lombardo et al [59], high blood TMAO levels might be associated with heart disease, atherosclerosis, diabetes, and cancer. Another study showed how the consumption of MD in 74 Spanish volunteers determined an increase of the levels of Clostridium cluster XVIa and F. prausnitzii [60].…”

Section: Mediterranean Dietmentioning

confidence: 56%

How Diet and Physical Activity Modulate Gut Microbiota: Evidence, and Perspectives

et al. 2022

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Gut microbiota plays a significant role in the maintenance of physiological homeostasis, contributing to human health. Nevertheless, some factors (sex, age, lifestyle, physical activity, drug-based therapies, diet, etc.) affect its composition and functionality, linked to pathologies and immunological diseases. Concerning diet, it interacts with microorganisms, leading to beneficial or detrimental outcomes for the health of host. On the other hand, physical activity is known to be useful for preventing and, sometimes, treating several diseases of cardiovascular, neuroendocrine, respiratory, and muscular systems. This paper focuses on diet and physical activity presenting the current knowledge about how different diets (Western, ketogenic, vegan, gluten free, Mediterranean) as well as different types of exercise (intensive, endurance, aerobic) could shape gut microbiota.

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Section: Mediterranean Dietmentioning

confidence: 56%

How Diet and Physical Activity Modulate Gut Microbiota: Evidence, and Perspectives

et al. 2022

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“…Finally, both genetic and environmental factors, including nutrition and gut microbiota, influence the distribution of chronotypes. Nevertheless, we did not include in this study the gut microbiota or gut-derived metabolites, including trimethylamine N-Oxide [ 63 , 64 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronotype: what role in the context of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors?

Barrea

Muscogiuri²,

Pugliese³

et al. 2021

J Transl Med

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Background Chronotype is defined as a trait determining the subject circadian preference in behavioral and biological rhythms relative to external light–dark cycle. Although individual differences in chronotype have been associated with an increased risk of developing some types of cancer, no studies have been carried out in gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NET). Materials We investigate the differences in chronotype between 109 GEP-NET and 109 healthy subjects, gender-, age-, and BMI-matched; and its correlation with tumor aggressiveness. Results GEP-NET patients have a lower chronotype score (p = 0.035) and a higher percentage of evening chronotype (p = 0.003) than controls. GEP-NET patients with morning chronotype had lower BMI, waist circumference, and higher percentage of MetS (p < 0.001) than evening type. Interestingly, considering the clinical pathological characteristics, patients with the presence of metastasis, grading G2, and in progressive disease presented the lower chronotype score (p = 0.004, p < 0.001, and p = 0.002; respectively) compared to other categories. Chronotype score was negatively associated with anthropometric measurements, metabolic profile, percentage of MetS, and Ki67 index (p < 0.001 for all). Conclusions GEP-NET patients have an unhealthy metabolic profile and present more commonly an evening chronotype. These results support the importance of including the assessment of chronotype in an adjunctive tool for the prevention of metabolic alterations and tumor aggressiveness of GEP-NET.

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“…The measurement of plasma TMAO is expensive and easy to be influenced by the antibiotic therapy. Nevertheless, TMAO has the strengths to reflect the absorption of animal proteins (including fishes, eggs, and meats) [ 43 ] and gut microbiota metabolism [ 44 ], which cannot not be substituted by other biomarkers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paradox of trimethylamine-N-oxide, the impact of malnutrition on microbiota-derived metabolites and septic patients

Chou

Wang

et al. 2021

j intensive care

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Background Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) is a microbiota-derived metabolite, which is linked to vascular inflammation and atherosclerosis in cardiovascular (CV) diseases. But its effect in infectious diseases remains unclear. We conducted a single-center prospective study to investigate association of TMAO with in-hospital mortality in septic patients admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU). Methods Totally 95 septic, mechanically ventilated patients were enrolled. Blood samples were obtained within 24 h after ICU admission, and plasma TMAO concentrations were determined. Septic patients were grouped into tertiles according to TMAO concentration. The primary outcome was in-hospital death, which further classified as CV and non-CV death. Besides, we also compared the TMAO concentrations of septic patients with 129 non-septic patients who were admitted for elective coronary angiography (CAG). Results Septic patients had significantly lower plasma TMAO levels than did subjects admitted for CAG (1.0 vs. 3.0 μmol/L, p < 0.001). Septic patients in the lowest TMAO tertile (< 0.4 μmol/L) had poorer nutrition status and were given longer antibiotic courses before ICU admission. Circulating TMAO levels correlated positively with daily energy intake, the albumin and prealbumin concentration. Compared with those in the highest TMAO tertile, septic patients in the lowest TMAO tertile were at greater risk of non-CV death (hazard ratio 2.51, 95% confidence interval 1.21–5.24, p = 0.014). However, TMAO concentration was no longer an independent predictor for non-CV death after adjustment for disease severity and nutritional status. Conclusion Plasma TMAO concentration was inversely associated with non-CV death among extremely ill septic patients, which could be characterized as TMAO paradox. For septic patients, the impact of malnutrition reflected by circulating TMAO levels was greater than its pro-inflammatory nature.

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Association of Urinary and Plasma Levels of Trimethylamine N-Oxide (TMAO) with Foods

Cited by 25 publications

References 57 publications

How Diet and Physical Activity Modulate Gut Microbiota: Evidence, and Perspectives

How Diet and Physical Activity Modulate Gut Microbiota: Evidence, and Perspectives

Chronotype: what role in the context of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors?

Paradox of trimethylamine-N-oxide, the impact of malnutrition on microbiota-derived metabolites and septic patients

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