Association of Types of Life Events with Depressive Symptoms among Puerto Rican Youth

Jaschek, Graciela; Carter‐Pokras, Olivia; He, Xin; Lee, Sunmin; Canino, Glorisa

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0164852

Cited by 10 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 86 publications

(89 reference statements)

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“…Consistent with previous studies that have indicated a positive association between adversity exposure and depressive symptoms among Mexican and Latino adolescents (Benjet et al, 2019; Jaschek et al, 2016), we found that higher levels of adversity were linked to a greater likelihood of experiencing MDD and MDE in one’s lifetime and the past year. However, we did not observe significant interactions between depression PRS and adversity with phenotypic MDD or MDE.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…One well-documented environmental contributor to depression is adverse life events (Llabre et al, 2017). For example, experiencing adversity (i.e., sexual abuse, having a parent with depression, family disruption) during childhood or adolescence has been associated with a depression diagnosis among Mexican (Benjet et al, 2019) and Latino adolescents (Jaschek et al, 2016). Moreover, exposure to adversity may profoundly shape the developing brain and neurobiological systems that make some individuals more sensitive to future stressors (McIlwricka et al, 2016;Starr et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Depression polygenic scores are associated with major depressive disorder diagnosis and depressive episode in Mexican adolescents

Rabinowitz

Campos

Benjet

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Objective. Large-scale genome-wide association studies have uncovered genetic variants associated with depression; however, most of this work has been limited to adults of European ancestry. We investigate the ability of depression polygenic risk scores (PRS) to predict both lifetime and past year major depressive disorder (MDD) diagnosis and the experience of a major depressive episode (MDE) in a sample of adolescents with admixed ancestry from Mexico City, and explore whether adverse life events moderate these relations. Methods. The study sample consisted of adolescents (N=1,152) aged 12-17 from Mexico City who were interviewed and genotyped as part of a general population survey on adolescent mental health. PRS for depression were derived using summary statistics from a large-scale discovery genome-wide association study (GWAS) conducted on depressive symptoms that included over 800,000 individuals of European ancestry (Howard et al., 2019). Results. Higher depression PRS were associated with a higher likelihood of both past year MDD and MDE and lifetime MDE, accounting for 1.5%-2.5% of the variance in these outcomes. Adversity did not moderate the relationship between depression PRS and lifetime or past year MDD or MDE. Limitations. This study is cross-sectional. As such, a few participants might have experience MDD/MDE after the interview. In addition, our sample comprised only Mexican youth and thus it may not generalize to other populations. Conclusions. Our results indicate that depression PRS derived from a European ancestry GWAS are associated with MDD and MDE risk among Mexican adolescents and have the potential to aid in the identification of youth who may be genetically prone to developing depressive symptoms.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Depression polygenic scores are associated with major depressive disorder diagnosis and depressive episode in Mexican adolescents

Rabinowitz

Campos

Benjet

et al. 2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…number of coworkers who died) increased the likelihood of screening positively for MDD symptoms, consistent with prior studies. 24,27,28 Furthermore, knowing one or more coworkers hospitalized or in the ICU was significantly associated with screening positively for GAD symptoms, suggesting that the experience of having colleagues fall ill may intensify anxiety.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychological Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Frontline Health Care Workers During the Pandemic Surge in New York City

et al. 2021

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Background This study sought to assess the magnitude of and factors associated with mental health outcomes among frontline health care workers (FHCWs) providing care during the Spring 2020 COVID-19 pandemic surge in New York City. Methods A cross-sectional, survey-based study over 4 weeks during the Spring 2020 pandemic surge was used to assess symptoms of COVID-19-related posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), major depressive disorder (MDD), and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) in 2,579 FHCWs at the Mount Sinai Hospital. Participants were additionally asked about their occupational and personal exposures to COVID-19. Multivariable logistic regression and relative importance analyses were conducted to identify factors associated with these outcomes. Results A total of 3,360 of 6,026 individuals completed the survey (55.8% participation), with 2,579 (76.8%) analyzed based on endorsing frontline responsibilities and providing information related to the three outcomes. 1,005 (39.0%) met criteria for symptoms of COVID-19-related PTSD, MDD, or GAD. 599 (23.3%) screened positively for PTSD symptoms, 683 (26.6%) for MDD symptoms, and 642 (25.0%) for GAD symptoms. Multivariable analyses revealed that past-year burnout was associated with the highest risk of developing symptoms for COVID-19-related PTSD (odds ratio [OR] = 2.10), MDD (OR = 2.83), and GAD (OR = 2.68). Higher perceived support from hospital leadership was associated with a lowest risk of all outcomes [PTSD (OR = 0.75), MDD (OR = 0.72), and GAD (OR = 0.76). Conclusion In this large sample of FHCWs providing care during the 2020 NYC pandemic surge, 39% experienced symptoms of COVID-19-related PTSD, MDD, and/or GAD and pre-pandemic burnout as well as leadership support were identified as the most highly associated factors. These findings suggest that interventions aimed at reducing burnout and augmenting support from hospital leadership may be appropriate targets to mitigate the risk for developing further psychopathology in this population and others working in the midst of crisis.

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“…Despite the cultural expectation of familism, familial relationships were often strained due to incarceration, familial dysfunction, arguments, and parental abandonment (Crist et al 2009;Flores et al 2009;Jaschek et al 2016;Kreling et al 2010). As this woman shared about her own mother, "Yeah, she didn't want me, so my grandma did.…”

Section: Caregiving Is Women's Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecological Systems Affecting Urban Childbearing Puerto Rican Women in the City of Philadelphia

Maldonado

Ayala-Crespo

Walsh

et al. 2021

Matern Child Health J

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Objectives The purpose of this study was to explore socio-ecological influences affecting the daily lives of urban, pregnant Puerto Rican women and factors negatively influencing their health seeking behaviors related to prenatal care. Methods Qualitative, descriptive methods were used including individual interviews and focus groups to obtain maximum understanding of the women's lives. The interviews and focus groups were conducted using a semi-structured interview guide based on various components of the study's conceptual framework. Content analytic strategies included rigorous and systematic processes to increase trustworthiness: training, supervision, audits, electronic technologies, and ongoing input of the research team. Results Factors on all levels of the study's conceptual framework compound the effects of stressors and restrictions on the lives of urban, childbearing Puerto Rican woman. The intersectionality of issues for Puerto Rican women can either mitigate or heighten the pressure on their daily lives. Conclusions This initial research sets the groundwork for further studies, such as narrative analysis, to better understand how to build appropriate and relevant interventions. Uncovering the women's stories gives them the opportunity to be a critical part of cross-sector partnerships towards the development of sustainable interventions. Keywords Puerto Rican women • Urban • Childbearing • Socio-ecological Significance StatementWhat is already known on this subject? A burgeoning body of work suggests that Puerto Ricans may be at a disadvantage for a variety of health outcomes relative to other Latino groups. The "Latino paradox" may be more applicable to foreign-born Mexicans, for example, because they have better health outcomes than non-Latino whites (Leigh Roy et al. 2013) and Puerto Ricans. In addition, a growing body of work focuses on sociocultural, neighborhood, and housing factors as they influence various aspects of Puerto Rican health (

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Association of Types of Life Events with Depressive Symptoms among Puerto Rican Youth

Cited by 10 publications

References 86 publications

Depression polygenic scores are associated with major depressive disorder diagnosis and depressive episode in Mexican adolescents

Depression polygenic scores are associated with major depressive disorder diagnosis and depressive episode in Mexican adolescents

Psychological Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Frontline Health Care Workers During the Pandemic Surge in New York City

Ecological Systems Affecting Urban Childbearing Puerto Rican Women in the City of Philadelphia

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