Association of TREX1 polymorphism with disease progression in human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) infected patients

The Expression Levels of TREX1 and IFN-α Are Associated with Immune Reconstitution in HIV-1-Infected Individuals

“…Thus, our results suggest that the polymorphisms do not influence the immune response to HIV infection in the investigated group. However, in contrast, previous studies showed an association between the TREX1 rs3135941 polymorphism (T/C) and the speed of progression of HIV-1 infection as result of increased virus replication, indicating that the TREX1 rs3135941 polymorphism (T/C) may promote higher exonuclease activity, which would result in reduced IFN-I production [ 23 , 26 ]. The TREX1 rs3135945 polymorphism (G/A) has been associated with susceptibility to HIV-1 infection in individuals of Caucasian descent [ 22 ].…”

“…The differences in the results between our study and other studies that did find an association between polymorphisms, and HIV-1 infection may be related to the ethnicity of the groups evaluated in each study. The TREX1 rs3135941 (T/C) polymorphism was evaluated in individuals from Amsterdam and Iran [ 23 , 26 ], while the TREX1 rs3135945 (G/A) polymorphism was evaluated in individuals from Italy [ 22 ]. The group investigated in the present study originates from the city of Belém, which is part of the Brazilian Amazon.…”

“…Differences in results among studies may also be related to the characterization of groups with HIV-1. We included individuals who used ART for 1 year; in the study by Booimam et al (2014) and Tohidi et al (2023), the majority of individuals were not using ART [23,26]. In this way, these two studies were able to evaluate the relationship of the TREX1 rs3135941 (T/C) polymorphism with immunological and virological markers in natural HIV-1 infection over a period of time; our study evaluated the influence of polymorphisms in relation to markers by comparing periods of absence and presence of ART.…”