Association of Tooth Loss With Temporomandibular Disorders

Abstract

A sample size of 285 subjects (95 cases and 190 controls) was enrolled in the study. Anamnestic questionnaire was administered to the patients fulfilling the criteria. Based on the score attained, patients were grouped as TMD patients (case) or TMD free patients (control). A pre-designed performa was used to record the data. SPSS v.17.0 was used for descriptive and inferential analysis. RESULTS: The mean age of the participants was 33.3±11.2 years with male to female ratio of with 1.26:1. Maximum of the participants (72%) were of 41 years or less. Overall mean number of missing teeth in all participants was 3.41±3.08. Mean number of missing teeth in cases and controls was 4.46±3.65 and 2.89±2.60 respectively (p< 0.001). Tooth loss of <5 teeth & ≥5 teeth was observed in 53 & 42 cases as compared to 128 & 62 controls respectively (OR=0.61; 95% CI: 0.36 to 1.01; p-vale 0.056). The relationship for number of quadrants with number of missing teeth in cases and control groups was significant (p-value=<0.001). CONCLUSION: Present study indicates that there is significant correlation between the numbers of quadrants with tooth loss and TMD. Increasing the number of quadrants with tooth loss will increase the risk of TMD. However, the number of teeth lost itself has no association with TMD.

Effect of the posterior stop on temporomandibular disorders: A systematic review

“…However, some research has found no relationship between TMD, occlusion, and missing posterior teeth. 15 - 19 A study by Manfredini et al 17 did not confirm a clinical relationship between TMD and occlusion. According to Witter et al, 18 the shorter dental arch provides occlusal stability, and the free end partial denture does not prevent TMD or improve patient performance.…”

Relationship Between Occlusal Factors and Temporomandibular Disorders: A Systematic Literature Review

“…Eight studies were conducted to investigate the association between dental loss and TMDs, with a total of 2008 subjects being included [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29]. All studies, except one [27], employed a retrospective study design that compared patients with missing teeth to those without missing teeth.…”

“…Among these studies, four utilized orthopantomograms [22,23,28] and CBCT [24] to analyze the articular eminence inclination (AEI). In two studies, questionnaires were used to investigate the effect of tooth loss on the TMJ [25,27], while in three studies, clinical examination was used to evaluate TMD symptoms [26,28,29].…”

“…The literature review includes a diverse set of studies, including cross-sectional, retrospective, descriptiveanalytic, single-center, case-control, interdisciplinary longitudinal, and clinical studies. We found crosssectional studies [16-18, 21, 22, 28, 29, 33], retrospective cross-sectional studies [15,19,20,23,24], descriptive-analytic with a cross-sectional design [25], case-control studies [26,35], a single-center retrospective clinical study [27], an interdisciplinary longitudinal study [30], a clinical study [31], and retrospective clinical studies [32,34].…”

“…Further research conducted by Javed et al included 185 patients who were asked to fill out a questionnaire consisting of 10 questions related to common symptoms of TMD to evaluate the effect of dental loss on the TMJ [26]. A case-control study was conducted with comparison groups of TMD patients versus TMD-free patients, revealing a significant correlation between the number of tooth loss quadrants and TMD, indicating that an increase in the number of quadrants with tooth loss can increase the risk of TMD (p <0.001).…”