Association of TNF-α, TGF-β1, amphiregulin, IL-2, and EGFR WITH pulmonary fibrosis in COVID-19

Maranatha, Daniel; Hasan, Helmia; Bakhtiar, Arief; Widyoningroem, Anita; Aryati,

doi:10.1016/j.jiph.2022.08.007

Cited by 7 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…3) was the highest lesion found on a postconversion CT scan in 70 samples (88.6%). This is in accordance with research by Maranatha et al, 2022 where the incidence of pulmonary fibrosis after COVID-19 is high (93.7%) (12). This is also in line with several other studies that state that fibrosis is the most common sequelae feature of coronavirus infection which is described as caused by viral lung injury, immune response, and activation of repair processes by fibroproliferation (5,13).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

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Predicting lung abnormality and severity in chest imaging after COVID-19: Is there a clue based on the clinical spectrum during illness?

Widyaningtiyas¹,

Widyoningroem²,

Sensusiati³

2022

IJRP

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Background: Complaints after COVID-19 have been widely reported, especially those related to the respiratory tract. This situation may be related to the presence of lung lesions even though the patient has been cured as evidenced by negative PCR results. Chest CT scan is a good imaging modality that can be used to follow up post-COVID-19 patients. This study aims to determine the characteristics of a negative post-conversion chest CT scan and the correlation of the clinical spectrum of illness and lesions in a chest CT scan.Method: This study is an analytic observational type with a retrospective approach. Researchers will examine the medical records of confirmed COVID-19 patients who are hospitalized at Dr. Soetomo and had a negative post-conversion chest CT scan at Dr. Soetomo Hospital. The severity system uses a modified severity level, then a statistical correlation analysis test is carried out with the Spearman Test.Result: Total sample was 79 patients, with 46 male subjects (58,2 %) and 33 female subjects (41,8 %). From the clinical spectrum of illness, as many as 0% of patients were asymptomatic, 30.4% with mild symptoms, 25.3% with moderate symptoms, 17.7% with severe symptoms/severe pneumonia, and 26.6% with critical symptoms. Of the 79 samples, 93.7% had pulmonary abnormalities. The most abnormalities that were found were fibrosis at 88.6% and ground glass opacity (GGO) at 78.5%. Conclusion:Even though the patient has been declared cured of COVID-19 with a negative RT-PCR result, there are still abnormalities in the patient's lungs. A significant correlation between clinical spectrum with pulmonary severity was found

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…The long-term outcome of the sequelae of COVID-19 is not fully known. In one case study, pulmonary fibrosis disappeared after 65 days after the first onset (12). In a study by Han et al, 2021, a follow-up chest CT scan 6 months after COVID-19 showed that more than a third of patients still had fibrous lesions (13).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Predicting lung abnormality and severity in chest imaging after COVID-19: Is there a clue based on the clinical spectrum during illness?

Widyaningtiyas¹,

Widyoningroem²,

Sensusiati³

2022

IJRP

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“…One clinical trial has reported that immunosuppressive/pro‐fibrotic TGF‐β is higher in severe post‐COVID‐19 patients who had pulmonary fibrotic‐like events 40 . Maranatha et al 46 reported that TNF‐α and TGF‐β potentially participate in the process of pulmonary fibrosis in COVID‐19. Our results showed that serum TGF‐β levels significantly increased in the kidney involvement group.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The pattern of cytokines expression and dynamic changes of renal function at 6 months in patients with Omicron COVID‐19

Teng

Song

Zhang

et al. 2023

Journal of Medical Virology

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To analyze the dynamic changes of renal function longitudinally and investigate the cytokine profiles at 6 months in patients with Omicron COVID‐19. Forty‐seven patients with a proven diagnosis of Omicron COVID‐19 from January to February 2022 attended a 6‐month follow‐up after discharge at Tianjin First Central Hospital. The demographic parameters, clinical features, and laboratory indexes were collected during hospitalization and 6 months after discharge. The serum cytokine levels at 6 months were also assessed. Patients were grouped according to with or without kidney involvement at admission. The levels of serum creatinine and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) were all normal both in the hospital and at follow‐up. Whereas, compared with renal function in the hospital, serum creatinine levels at 6 months increased remarkably; meanwhile, eGFR decreased significantly in all patients. The serum levels of interleukin (IL)‐2, IL‐4, IL‐5, IL‐6, IL‐10, and TNF‐α and IFN‐γ significantly decreased and TGF‐β remarkably increased in the kidney involvement group. The serum levels of IL‐2 and IL‐5 were positively correlated with age; contrarily, TGF‐β showed a negative correlation with aging. The younger was an independent risk factor of the higher TGF‐β levels. Omicron patients showed a decline in renal function at follow‐up, reflecting the trend of CKD. Serum cytokine profiles were characterized with the majority of cytokines decreased and TGF‐β increased in the kidney involvement group; the latter may be used as a sign of CKD. The tendency of CKD is one of the manifestations of long COVID and deserves attention.

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Section: Tgf-β1 Pathwaymentioning

confidence: 98%

“…In the early stages of infection, the mRNA level of TGF-β1 from upper airway samples is lower than that of controls ( Montalvo Villalba et al, 2020 ). Recently, Maranatha et al (2022) reported that serum TGF-β1 levels in severe and critical COVID-19 were lower than non-severe COVID-19. When the alveolar epithelial cells were damaged, TGF-β and TNF-α were secreted.…”

Section: Lung-protective Mechanisms Of Plant Polysaccharidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant polysaccharides with anti-lung injury effects as a potential therapeutic strategy for COVID-19

Huang

Zhang²,

Duan³

et al. 2022

Front. Pharmacol.

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When coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) develops into the severe phase, lung injury, acute respiratory distress syndrome, and/or respiratory failure could develop within a few days. As a result of pulmonary tissue injury, pathomorphological changes usually present endothelial dysfunction, inflammatory cell infiltration of the lung interstitium, defective gas exchange, and wall leakage. Consequently, COVID-19 may progress to tremendous lung injury, ongoing lung failure, and death. Exploring the treatment drugs has important implications. Recently, the application of traditional Chinese medicine had better performance in reducing fatalities, relieving symptoms, and curtailing hospitalization. Through constant research and study, plant polysaccharides may emerge as a crucial resource against lung injury with high potency and low side effects. However, the absence of a comprehensive understanding of lung-protective mechanisms impedes further investigation of polysaccharides. In the present article, a comprehensive review of research into plant polysaccharides in the past 5 years was performed. In total, 30 types of polysaccharides from 19 kinds of plants have shown lung-protective effects through the pathological processes of inflammation, oxidative stress, apoptosis, autophagy, epithelial–mesenchymal transition, and immunomodulation by mediating mucin and aquaporins, macrophage, endoplasmic reticulum stress, neutrophil, TGF-β1 pathways, Nrf2 pathway, and other mechanisms. Moreover, the deficiencies of the current studies and the future research direction are also tentatively discussed. This research provides a comprehensive perspective for better understanding the mechanism and development of polysaccharides against lung injury for the treatment of COVID-19.

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Association of TNF-α, TGF-β1, amphiregulin, IL-2, and EGFR WITH pulmonary fibrosis in COVID-19

Cited by 7 publications

References 18 publications

Predicting lung abnormality and severity in chest imaging after COVID-19: Is there a clue based on the clinical spectrum during illness?

Predicting lung abnormality and severity in chest imaging after COVID-19: Is there a clue based on the clinical spectrum during illness?

The pattern of cytokines expression and dynamic changes of renal function at 6 months in patients with Omicron COVID‐19

Plant polysaccharides with anti-lung injury effects as a potential therapeutic strategy for COVID-19

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