Association of the ε2 Allele of Apoe Gene to Hypertriglyceridemia and to Early‐Onset Alcoholic Cirrhosis

Hernández‐Nazará, Zamira H.; Ruíz-Madrigal, Bertha; Martínez-López, Érika; Román, Sonia; Panduro, Arturo

doi:10.1111/j.1530-0277.2007.00607.x

Cited by 30 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…[23] In regards to age, ALD was prevalent mainly in relatively young male adults, as observed in previous studies that showed that patients with ALD and LC were younger as compared to other populations. [24] However, in this study the patients with NASH were the youngest. In fact, a higher BMI, as well as IR and diabetes were more prevalent in this group.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

Early detection of liver damage in Mexican patients with chronic liver disease

Torres-Valadez

Román

José-Ábrego

et al. 2017

Journal of Translational Internal Medicine

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Background and Objective: Liver cirrhosis is usually detected at the later stages of disease. This study is aimed to detect liver damage in patients with chronic liver disease using transitional elastography (TE) and to assess the biochemical parameters associated with liver damage. Methods: In 578 patients, chronic liver disease based on etiology was diagnosed by clinical and laboratory tests. Liver damage was evaluated with TE (FibroScan®), while its association with biochemical parameters was performed using the logistic regression tests. Results: Overall, the main etiologies of liver damage were hepatitis C virus (HCV) (37%), alcoholic liver disease (ALD) (33%) and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) (26%). Patients were 40 to 50 years of age. ALD and hepatitis B prevailed in men, whereas HCV and NASH in women. The stages of fibrosis were F0 (n = 121, 21%), F1 (n = 122, 21%), F2 (n = 58, 10%), F3 (n = 46, 8%) and F4 (n = 87, 15%). In patients with liver cirrhosis, ALD (n = 96/217, 45%), HCV (n = 94/217, 43%) and NASH (n = 21/217, 10%) were the leading etiologies. Platelets count (OR=3.31, 95%CI 1.61-6.78), glucose (OR=3.07, 95%CI 1.50-6.26), gamma-glutamyltransferase (OR=3.60, 95%CI 1.79-7.25), albumin (OR=3.89, 95%CI 1.61-9.36), and total bilirubin (OR=3.93, 95%CI 1.41-10.91) were associated to advanced stages of fibrosis (F3-F4) regardless of etiology. The concordance and positive predictive values of these parameters were higher as compared to other scores. Conclusion: Asymptomatic liver disease due to HCV, ALD and NASH prevailed in young adults. Advanced liver damage assessed by TE was associated with five biochemical parameters. In conjunction, both methodologies may be useful for the early detection of fibrosis and cirrhosis in Latin America.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

Early detection of liver damage in Mexican patients with chronic liver disease

Torres-Valadez

Román

José-Ábrego

et al. 2017

Journal of Translational Internal Medicine

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“…In an effort to better understand the bases underlying this nosological entity, a variety of studies describing possible molecular and pathophysiological factors involved have been accomplished (Bastidas-Ramı´rez et al, 2002;Gordillo-Bastidas et al, 2010;Herna´ndez-Nazara´et al, 2008;Nun˜o-Gonza´lez et al, 2005). Ethnicity influence over differential susceptibility to alcoholic liver disease has widely been determined (Douds et al, 2003).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Polymorphisms of Genes Coding to Alcohol‐Metabolizing Enzymes in Western Mexicans: Association of CYP2E1c2/CYP2E15B Allele with Cirrhosis and Liver Function

García-Bañuelos

Panduro²,

Gordillo-Bastidas³

et al. 2011

Alcoholism Clin & Exp Res

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In this study, CYP2E1*c2 allele was associated with susceptibility to AC; meanwhile, ADH1B*2 and ALDH2*2 alleles were not. CYP2E1*c2 allele was associated with AC severity, which could probably be attributed to the oxidative stress promoted by this polymorphic form. Further studies to clearly establish CYP2E1*c2 clinical relevance in the development of alcohol-induced liver damage and its usefulness as a probable prognostic marker, should be performed. Also, increasing the number of patients and including a control group conformed by alcoholic patients free of liver damage may render more conclusive results. These findings contribute to the understanding of the influence of gene variations in AC development among populations, alcohol metabolism, and pharmacogenetics.

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“…However, determination of genotype and allele distribution of other CYP2E1 variant forms in HUI, may be of importance. Individuals included in this study were clinically healthy people representing the general population; notwithstanding, liver function tests and lipid profile were determined to evaluate possible incipient alterations associated to genotype, as these parameters could be indicative of liver dysfunction (Herna´ndez-Nazara´et al, 2008). Mean hepatic function values were normal and not statistically different in HUI and MES.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although lack of significant genotype association, HUI presented a better lipid profile than MES. Recently, the absence of the Apo e2 allele and high prevalence (28%) of the Apo e4 allele have been documented in HUI (Aceves et al, 2006), which are related to hypertriglyceridemia and latest onset of liver cirrhosis, respectively (Herna´ndez-Nazara´et al, 2008). Besides, HUI are habituated to a low fat, maize-rich diet, and high physical activity (Aceves et al, 2006).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These results evidence Mexican population heterogeneity and emphasize to be cautious when making general conclusions about populations with an enriched ethnical background. It is very important to stress that the virtual absence of the alcoholism ''protecting'' polymorphic alleles ADH1B*2 and ALDH2*2 (Bosron and Li, 1986) observed, and the relatively high frequency of the CYP2E1*c2 allele, may be contributing to the public health problem of alcoholic cirrhosis in Me´xico (Campollo et al, 1997;Me´ndez-Sa´nchez et al, 2004), where the involvement of other polymorphisms, like Apo e2 allele, has been recently described (Herna´ndez-Nazara´et al, 2008). Also, it is necessary to determine the pathophysiological role of this molecular feature in the heavy alcohol-drinking pattern reported in Mexican-Americans (Saunders et al, 1993).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Polymorphisms of Alcohol Metabolizing Enzymes in Indigenous Mexican Population: Unusual High Frequency of CYP2E1c2* Allele

Gordillo-Bastidas

Panduro

Gordillo-Bastidas

et al. 2009

Alcoholism Clin & Exp Res

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Background: Alcohol abuse represents the major identified etiological factor of cirrhosis in Me´xico. ADH1B, ALDH2, and CYP2E1 have been considered candidate genes in alcohol-related diseases. Controversial results probably due to ethnic differences, among other factors, have been reported. Mexican Mestizos (MES) derive from the combination of indigenous, Spaniard, and African genes. Huichols (HUI) constitute an indigenous group from western Mexico with no racial admixture. We determined ADH1B*2, ALDH2*2, and CYP2E1*c2 allele frequencies in healthy HUI and MES from western Mexico. Lipid and hepatic profile were also carried out.Methods: One hundred and one HUI and 331 MES subjects were studied. Genotype and allele frequency were assessed through polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism after DNA isolation from peripheral leukocytes. Commercial kits for lipid and hepatic determinations were used.Results: Polymorphic allele distribution in HUI was: 0% ADH1B*2, 0.5% ALDH2*2, 51.5% CYP2E1*c2; in MES: 3.4% ADH1B*2, 0% ALDH2*2, 16.1% CYP2E1*c2. Frequency of ADH1B*2 was statistically (p < 0.001) lower in HUI than MES. CYP2E1*c2 polymorphic allele was significantly higher (p < 0.0001) in HUI than MES. Hepatic profile was normal in both groups. HUI showed a better lipid profile than MES independently of genotype.Conclusions: Huichols exhibited the highest CYP2E1*c2 allele frequency of the world documented up to this date; meanwhile, ADH1B*2 and ALDH2*2 were practically absent. This feature could be useful in the understanding of Mexican population gene composition, alcohol metabolism, and alcoholic liver disease development. However, further association studies are necessary. The heterogeneity of Mexican population was evidenced by the significantly different distribution of CYP2E1*c2 allele observed among different regions of the country. Lipid and hepatic values were not associated to genotype. This report constitutes the first study dealing with gene polymorphisms of alcohol metabolizing enzymes conducted in HUI.

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Association of the ε2 Allele of Apoe Gene to Hypertriglyceridemia and to Early‐Onset Alcoholic Cirrhosis

Cited by 30 publications

References 44 publications

Early detection of liver damage in Mexican patients with chronic liver disease

Early detection of liver damage in Mexican patients with chronic liver disease

Genetic Polymorphisms of Genes Coding to Alcohol‐Metabolizing Enzymes in Western Mexicans: Association of CYP2E1c2/CYP2E15B Allele with Cirrhosis and Liver Function

Polymorphisms of Alcohol Metabolizing Enzymes in Indigenous Mexican Population: Unusual High Frequency of CYP2E1c2* Allele

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Association of the ε2 Allele of Apoe Gene to Hypertriglyceridemia and to Early‐Onset Alcoholic Cirrhosis

Cited by 30 publications

References 44 publications

Early detection of liver damage in Mexican patients with chronic liver disease

Early detection of liver damage in Mexican patients with chronic liver disease

Genetic Polymorphisms of Genes Coding to Alcohol‐Metabolizing Enzymes in Western Mexicans: Association of CYP2E1*c2/CYP2E1*5B Allele with Cirrhosis and Liver Function

Polymorphisms of Alcohol Metabolizing Enzymes in Indigenous Mexican Population: Unusual High Frequency of CYP2E1*c2 Allele

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Product

Resources

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Genetic Polymorphisms of Genes Coding to Alcohol‐Metabolizing Enzymes in Western Mexicans: Association of CYP2E1c2/CYP2E15B Allele with Cirrhosis and Liver Function

Polymorphisms of Alcohol Metabolizing Enzymes in Indigenous Mexican Population: Unusual High Frequency of CYP2E1c2* Allele