Association of the insertion/deletion polymorphism of the angiotensin-converting enzyme gene with type 2 diabetes in two ethnic groups of Jerba Island in Tunisia

Baroudi, Thouraya; Bouhaha, R.; Moran-Moguel, Chrystine; Sánchez‐Corona, José; Maı̈z, H. Ben; Abid, Haisam; Benammar-Elgaaïed, Amel

doi:10.1177/1470320309102314

Cited by 20 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 32 publications

(38 reference statements)

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“…In this study, there was no statistically significant association between ACE genotypes with HD in T2DM patients and this is similar to other studies such as in Tunisia [20], but is dissimilar to other studies conducted in Tunisia [10], Egypt [16] and Iraqi [13], which found an increase inT2DM risk in D/D genotype individuals.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

“…Although the polymorphism is located in a non-coding region, the D allele is associated with increased activity of ACE in serum [9]. There are highly inconsistent findings within all the major ethnic groups when the association of I/D polymorphism of ACE gene is studied with cardiovascular and renal complications and the risk for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM), where some studies have explained that the D allele is most frequent in T2DM and the associated complications in Tunisia [10] while others have found no association between ACE alleles frequencies with T2DM or cardiovascular disease (CVD) and renal disease in Malaysia and Indonesians [11]. The differences in the findings are largely due to the multifactorial or polygenic nature of these disorders, as evidenced by the variations of disease outcomes modulated by the between the gene to gene or gene to environment interactions [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Insertion / Deletion Polymorphism of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Gene Does Not Contribute to Chronic Kidney Disease in Palestine

et al. 2018

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Creative Commons Attribution License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by/4.0/, which permits unrestricted use, provided the original author and source are credited.Background: Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is progressive kidney damage in which the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) decreases by 15% of that performed by normal kidneys, with the result that the kidneys are no longer to function effectively and this condition is treated with either kidney transplantation or dialysis. Hemodialysis (HD) is a process in which the blood passes through a machine (dialyzer) to remove waste. Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) is one of the major components of the renin-angiotensin aldosterone system (RAAS) that is responsible for blood pressure regulation. Insertion/Deletion I/D polymorphism of a 287 bp Alu repeat sequence in introns 16 of the ACE gene results in three genotypes I/D, D/D and I/I. The aims of this study were to evaluate ACE genotypes and allele frequency among HD patients and control subjects and to examine the association between ACE genotypes with HD risk. Methods: A retrospective casecontrol study included 186 subjects, 86 HD patients and 100 healthy individuals as a control. EDTA whole blood samples were collected from all participants for DNA extraction, and the ACE gene polymorphism was analyzed by using the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) technique. Additionally, all individuals were requested to complete the questionnaire. Results: The initial results demonstrated that the D/D genotype was the most common genotype in all subjects and the association between ACE genotypes with HD occurrence was not statistically significant in the Gaza Strip-Palestine. Furthermore, no statistically significant association was detected between the polymorphism and the study groups (p-value = 0.511).

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insertion / Deletion Polymorphism of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Gene Does Not Contribute to Chronic Kidney Disease in Palestine

et al. 2018

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“…1, compared with ACE I allele, presence of D allele conferred a significant risk for T2D (OR=1.33; 95% CI, 1.10-1.61; p=0.003). Except for three studies suggesting the protective effect of D allele [10,13,14] and one with the neutral effect [11], others consistently favored the risk effect, especially for the more recently studies [12,25]. In addition, under the additive model, this trend was potentiated after comparing homozygotes of D allele with I allele (DD versus II) with a 90% increased risk (95% CI, 1.30-2.78; p=0.0008).…”

Section: Main Meta Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Angiotensin converting enzyme D allele is associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes: evidence from a meta-analysis

Niu

Gao

et al. 2010

Endocr J

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Type 2 diabeTes (T2D) is generally accepted as a complex trait that is under the interacting influence of genetic factors and environmental triggers [1][2][3]. Since some individuals are more susceptible to T2D than others, it is essential to clarify inter-individual differences in susceptibility in order to perfect the current therapy and prevention strategies. As yet, single Our results demonstrated that ACE D allele was significantly associated with an increased risk of T2D, and this effect appeared to be additive. Moreover, this association was more prominent for population-based studies and among Africans and Caucasians.

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“…They also found that DD genotype is involved in the pathogenesisof T2DM in Jerbian population. Moreover, Baroudiet al, (2009) also emphasized on the vital role of ethnicity, which should be considered an important factor in this genetic studies of T2DM [22]. In a cohort study of In this study, a nonsignificant association between the allelic frequencies and the presence of neuropathy,retinopathy and cardiac events in patients with and without nephropathy were found.…”

Section: Levels Of Beta-2 -Microglobulin In Diabetic Nephropathic Patmentioning

confidence: 47%

Levels of Î²2-Microglobulin and Association of ACE Gene I/D Polymorphism with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patients

Hussain

Mahwish

2013

JBT

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BackgroundDiabetes mellitus is a metabolic ailment which is an outcome of defect in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. The ACEgene systematizes Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) and is the most profoundly studied gene because of its crucial role in the renin-angiotensin system (RAS). The insertion/ deletion (I/D) of a 287bp long Alu repetitive sequence in intron 16 is responsible for three genotypes, DD and II homozygotes and ID heterozygotes.ACE levels differ in carriers with respect to their genotype; DD carriers have twice the levels of ACE than that found in II genotype individuals. The main purpose of this study is to investigate the association ofACE gene I/Dpolymorphism in Pakistani Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus(T2DM) patients primarily from Lahore.Methods:Hundred patients (T2DM) and fifty healthy controls were enrolled in this study. The ACE I/D polymorphism, located in intron 16, was analyzed by a triple primer method called nested-PCR and subsequently the results were analyzed by gel electrophoresis.Urine samples were also collected from patients suffering from diabetic nephropathy for the determination of beta-2 microglobulin.Results:The frequency of ACEgenotypes DD, ID and II among the patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus was found to be 76%, 10%, 14% whereas in control subjects, 38% , 4% , 8% respectively. Other clinical parameters like blood sugar level and body mass index were also evaluated to find an association with genotype. The findings showed a nonsignificant association of ACE genotype with Blood Sugar Level (BSL) and Body Mass Index (BMI).Of the hundred T2DM patients enrolled in the study ten (10%) were of diabetic nephropathy. Beta-2-microglobulin was measured in the urine of these patients as well as healthy controls. A significant association between β2-microglobulin and T2DM was found by Fischer's exact test. Serum creatinine values were noted and correlation was found. The results showed a positive correlation but non-significant between creatinine and beta-2-microglobulin. Conclusion:In the present study, no significant association was found between ACE gene I/D polymorphism and T2DM. Gender of the T2DM patients showed null effect on genotype. Other clinical parameters like blood sugar level and body mass index also revealed a non-significant association with the ACE gene genotype. Keywords:Type 2 diabetes mellitus; Angiotensin Converting Enzyme; blood sugar level; body mass index. Council for Innovative Research Methods Study designA total of 100 blood samples were obtained from type 2 diabetes patients coming to JAIDE, Jinnah Hospital, Lahore. Fifty unrelated subjects without the history of type 2 diabetes were randomly selected from general population to serve as control subjects for the association studies. An informed written consent was taken from all the subjects recruited in the study as well as from the matched controls.Five ml of the blood was collected in tubes containing ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid (EDTA) as whole blood for the extraction of DNA.U...

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Association of the insertion/deletion polymorphism of the angiotensin-converting enzyme gene with type 2 diabetes in two ethnic groups of Jerba Island in Tunisia

Cited by 20 publications

References 32 publications

Insertion / Deletion Polymorphism of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Gene Does Not Contribute to Chronic Kidney Disease in Palestine

Insertion / Deletion Polymorphism of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Gene Does Not Contribute to Chronic Kidney Disease in Palestine

Angiotensin converting enzyme D allele is associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes: evidence from a meta-analysis

Levels of Î²2-Microglobulin and Association of ACE Gene I/D Polymorphism with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patients

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