Association of the human semen DNA virome with successful in vitro fertilization

Gunderson, Stephanie; Eskew, Ashley M.; Stoutenburg, Dylan; Riley, Joan; Stout, Molly J.; Schrimpf, Jane; Jungheim, Emily S.; Wylie, Kristine M.

doi:10.1016/j.xfss.2021.10.005

Cited by 3 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Interestingly, statistically more candidate donors who chose ID release (19.18%) were rejected because they reported a disqualifying health issue or failed a screening test ( Table II ) compared to those who chose non-ID release (16.17%). Although a relatively small difference, this may be explained by the fact that ID-release donors are generally older ( Pennings et al , 2021 ) and so would have more opportunity for a disqualifying health issue to appear ( Gunderson et al , 2022 ). Regarding those donors who were rejected at the initial screening questionnaire stage ( Table II ) and rejected because of their post-thaw semen quality ( Table II ), in both cases, it was statistically more likely that ID-release donors would be, although the differences were again quite small.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An analysis of the outcome of 11 712 men applying to be sperm donors in Denmark and the USA

et al. 2023

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STUDY QUESTION Is the outcome of donor recruitment influenced by the country in which recruitment took place or the initial identity (ID)-release choice of applicants? SUMMARY ANSWER More applicants are accepted as donors in Denmark than in the USA and those who choose ID release are more frequently accepted than those who do not. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY The successful recruitment of sperm donors is essential to provide a range of medically assisted reproduction (MAR) procedures, which rely upon donor sperm. However, while much has been written about the medical screening and assessment of sperm donors from a safety perspective, relatively little has been written about the process of recruiting donors and how it works in practice. There are differences in demographic characteristics between donors who choose to allow their identity to be released to their donor offspring (ID release) compared to those who do not (non-ID release). These characteristics may also influence the likelihood of them being recruited. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION A total of 11 712 men applied to be sperm donors at a sperm bank in Denmark and the USA during 2018 and 2019. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS Anonymized records of all donor applicants were examined to assess the number passing through (or lost) at each stage of the recruitment process. Statistical analysis was carried out to examine differences between location (Denmark or USA) and/or donor type (ID release versus non-ID release). MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE Few applicants (3.79%) were accepted as donors and had samples frozen and released for use; this was higher in Denmark (6.53%) than in the USA (1.03%) (χ2 = 243.2; 1 degree of freedom (df); z = 15.60; P < 0.0001) and was higher in donors who opted at the outset to be ID release (4.70%) compared to those who did not (3.15%) (χ2 = 18.51; 1 df; z = 4.303; P < 0.0001). Most candidate donors were lost during recruitment because they: withdrew, failed to respond, did not attend an appointment, or did not return a questionnaire (54.91%); reported a disqualifying health issue or failed a screening test (17.41%); did not meet the eligibility criteria at the outset (11.71%); or did not have >5 × 106 motile sperm/ml in their post-thaw samples (11.20%). At each stage, there were statistically significant differences between countries and the donor’s initial ID choice. During recruitment, some donors decided to change ID type. There were no country differences in the frequency in which this occurred (χ2 = 0.2852; 1 df; z = 0.5340; P = 0.5933), but it was more common for donors to change from non-ID release to ID release (27.19%) than the other way around (11.45%) (χ2 = 17.75; 1 df; z = 4.213; P < 0.0001), although movements in both directions did occur in both countries. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION No information was available about the demographic characteristics of the applicants, which may also have influenced their chances of being accepted as a donor (e.g. ethnicity and age). Donor recruitment procedures may differ in other locations according to local laws or guidelines. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS A better understanding of when and why candidate donors are lost in the recruitment process may help develop leaner and more efficient pathways for interested donors and sperm banks. This could ultimately increase the number of donors recruited (through enhanced information, support, and reassurance during the recruitment process) or it may reduce the financial cost to the recipients of donor sperm, thus making it more affordable to those who are ineligible for state-funded treatment. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) The study received no funding from external sources. All authors are Cryos employees or members of the Cryos External Scientific Advisory Committee. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER N/A.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An analysis of the outcome of 11 712 men applying to be sperm donors in Denmark and the USA

et al. 2023

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“…Signs of several viruses from the Flaviviridae family have been persistently detected in semen samples, especially Zika virus (ZKV) [ 39 , 40 , 42 ]. Different species from the Herpesviridae family, like herpesvirus and cytomegalovirus (HCMV) [ 39 , 40 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 ], and from the Papillomaviridae family [ 43 , 44 , 45 , 47 , 48 ] are also frequent, as well as Parvoviridae like adeno-associated viruses (AAV) [ 40 , 44 ]. The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is one of the most cited virus regarding seminal microbiota [ 49 ].…”

Section: Origin Of the Seminal Microbiome And General Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lastly, when studying the microbiome composition of semen in relation with pregnancy rate, men involved in spontaneous pregnancy loss displayed the presence of Porphyromonas and Campylobacter [ 89 ], S. aureus and E. coli [ 90 ], as well as a high viral diversity [ 43 ]. Contrarily, high rates of success in assisted reproduction techniques (ART) has been associated with Acinerobacter , Lactobacillus Jesenia , and Faecalibacterium [ 27 , 89 ].…”

Section: The Semen Microbiome In Fertility Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mändar et al identified that sexual debut implies an increase in the diversity and concentration of seminal bacteria [ 91 ] and that the species identified in the seminal fluid (and vagina) change after intercourse [ 92 ], which has been supported by other studies [ 93 ]. Therefore, a common core of bacteria and viruses is shared between seminal fluid and vagina [ 43 , 94 ]. This transmission appears to be a stochastic and passive and has been suggested to display a role in reinforcing the sexual health and in facilitating sperm functionality and fertilization [ 95 ].…”

Section: Influence Of External Factors Over Sperm Microbiome Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… Summary of the main external factors with an influence over the seminal microbiome composition [ 11 , 12 , 13 , 23 , 31 , 43 , 57 , 78 , 88 , 91 , 92 , 93 , 94 , 96 , 97 , 98 ]. …”

Section: Influence Of External Factors Over Sperm Microbiome Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Unraveling the Intricacies of the Seminal Microbiome and Its Impact on Human Fertility

Corral-Vazquez,

Blanco,

Sarrate

et al. 2024

Biology

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Although the microbial communities from seminal fluid were an unexplored field some decades ago, their characteristics and potential roles are gradually coming to light. Therefore, a complex and specific microbiome population with commensal niches and fluctuating species has started to be revealed. In fact, certain clusters of bacteria have been associated with fertility and health, while the outgrowth of several species is potentially correlated with infertility indicators. This constitutes a compelling reason for outlining the external elements that may induce changes in the seminal microbiome composition, like lifestyle factors, gut microbiota, pathologies, prebiotics, and probiotics. In this review, we summarize the main findings about seminal microbiome, its origins and composition, its relationship with fertility, health, and influence factors, while reminding readers of the limitations and advantages introduced from technical variabilities during the experimental procedures.

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Congenital tremor and splay leg in Swedish piglets : a study of the viral causes and routes of transmission

Stenberg

2023

Acta Universitatis Agriculturae Sueciae

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Congenital tremor (CT) and splay leg (SL) are diseases regularly seen in new-born piglets in Sweden. They are diagnosed based on the clinical picture, which in CT are tremor and sometimes ataxia, and in SL, a lack of adduction of the hind legs. The cause of the clinical signs is unknown, but impaired nerve function due to myelin damage is a theory. However, the syndromes are transient, and piglets that can nurse often recover within some months. For decades, there has been speculation about the causes of these diseases. Infection in utero with certain viruses, hereditary factors, and drug treatment of pregnant sows may induce the syndromes in the offspring. In Sweden, one type of CT has been described: CT type A-II, a variant that for a long time was suspected to be caused by an unknown virus. Then, in 2015, a new virus named atypical porcine pestivirus (APPV) was discovered, and in 2016, APPV was associated with CT type A-II. There were also indications of an association between APPV and SL. This thesis aimed to investigate viral causes of CT type A-II and SL in Swedish piglets. APPV was detected in brain tissue from piglets with signs of CT type A-II, both in new and historical material. The virus could also be detected in commercial boar semen from a Swedish boar stud and in serum samples from Swedish wild boars. However, the virus was not found in piglets with splay leg or in healthy piglets, and high-throughput sequencing of the material did not reveal any other relevant viruses. Consequently, it seems unlikely that APPV, or any other virus, would be the primary cause of SL in Sweden.

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Association of the human semen DNA virome with successful in vitro fertilization

Cited by 3 publications

References 28 publications

An analysis of the outcome of 11 712 men applying to be sperm donors in Denmark and the USA

An analysis of the outcome of 11 712 men applying to be sperm donors in Denmark and the USA

Unraveling the Intricacies of the Seminal Microbiome and Its Impact on Human Fertility

Congenital tremor and splay leg in Swedish piglets : a study of the viral causes and routes of transmission

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