Association of the Glutathione S-transferase T1 Null Genotype with Risk of Gastric Cancer: a Meta-analysis in Asian Populations

Abstract

Background: A large number of studies have been published to investigate the association between the null genotype of glutathione S-transferase T1 (GSTT1) with gastric cancer. However, the results were inconsistent and conflicting. The aim of this study was to estimate the relationship between this polymorphism in the GSTT1 gene and gastric cancer risk in Asian populations by meta-analysis. Materials and Methods: A literature search was performed in PubMed, Embase, Chinese Biomedical database (CBM), Weipu database, Wanfang database, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure database (CNKI). Statistical analysis was conducted by using Review Manager 5.3. Results: Thirty-nine studies with a total of 7,737 gastric cancer cases and 10,823 controls were included in this meta-analysis. The meta-analysis of total studies showed that the null genotype in GSTT1 was associated with increased risk of gastric cancer in Asians (OR=1.19, 95% CI=1.08-1.31, p=0.0002). Subgroup analysis showed a significant relationship between GSTT1 null genotype and gastric cancer in East-Asians, as well as in subgroup analysis of hospital-based design. On subgroup analysis by smoking status, alcohol status, Helicobacter pylori infection status, and histology type, no significant association of this polymorphism with susceptibility to gastric cancer was found. Conclusions: In conclusion, the results showed that the null genotype of GSTT1 is significantly associated with an increased risk in gastric cancer in Asian populations. (Acar et al., 2006;Sreeja et al., 2008;Liu et al., 2010). Polymorphisms in this gene affect the enzymatic activities and the ability to metabolize carcinogenic compounds (Nebert et al., 1999). The most common variant of GSTT1 gene is homozygous deletion (null genotype), which has been reported to be associated with gastric cancer (Hayes and Strange, 2000). However, the sparseness of data or disagreements among the reported investigations results in the available evidence weakly. To assess the effect of GSTT1 null genotype on gastric cancer risk in Asian population more precisely, we conducted most of the related studies and performed this meta-analysis of published data investigating whether the null genotype of GSTT1 gene was associated with the risk of gastric cancer. Keywords Materials and Methods Publication searchA literature search of PubMed, Embase, Chinese Biomedical database (CBM), Weipu database, Wanfang 1142database and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) was conducted using combinations of the following keywords: "gastric cancer or gastric carcinoma or gastric neoplasm" and "polymorphism or variant or mutation" and "GSTT1 or glutathione S-transferase T1". The language was limited to Chinese and English. All studies that evaluate the relationship between polymorphisms in GSTT1 gene and gastric cancer risk were retrieved. Studies included in the meta-analysis had to meet all of the following criteria: (1) evaluation of the polymorphisms in GSTT1 gene and gastric cancer risk, (2) use of ...

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