Association of the Generative Cell and Vegetative Nucleus in Pollen Tubes of Rhododendron

Kaul, V.; Theunis, C.H.; Palser, Barbara F.; Knox, R. B.; Williams, E. G.

doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aob.a087305

Cited by 43 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In Plumbago zeylanica L., which has tricellular pollen, two sperm cells are joined by common transverse cell wall and enclosed by inner vegetative cell membrane, and one of the two sperm cells is associated with vegetative nucleus (Russell 1984). On the other hand, bicellular pollen species, such as Hippeastrum vitatum Hreb., Rhododendron spp, and Petunia hybrida Vilm., generative cell and sperm cell were physically associated with vegetative nucleus (Mogensen 1986;Kaul et al 1987;Wagner and Mogensen 1988). This association was termed the male germ unit (MGU) and was proposed to functional unit as a vehicle for transmission and to participate in fusion with the female target cells during fertilization (Dumas et al 1984).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of changes in the nuclear phase and evaluation of male germ units by flow cytometry during in vitro pollen tube growth in Alstroemeria aurea

Hirano

Hoshino

2009

J Plant Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study aimed to analyze male gamete behavior from mature pollen to pollen tube growth in the bicellular pollen species Alstroemeria aurea. For mature pollen, pollen protoplasts were examined using flow cytometry. The protoplasts showed two peaks of DNA content at 1C and 1.90C. Flow cytometry of pollen tubes at different developmental stages that were cultured in vitro revealed changes in the nuclear phase at 9 h and 18 h after culture. Sperm cell formation occurred at 6-9 h after culture, indicating that the first change was due to the division of the generative cells into sperm cells. After sperm cell formation, the number of vegetative nucleus associations with sperm cell showed a tendency to increase. The association was suggested as male germ unit. When sperm cells, vegetative nuclei, and partial male germ units were separately collected from pollen tubes cultured for 18 h and analyzed using a flow cytometer, the sperm cells and vegetative nuclei contained 1C DNA, while the DNA content of partial male germ units was counted as 2C. Therefore, the second change in the nuclear phase, which resulted in an increase in 2C nuclei, was possibly related to the formation of male germ units.4

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of changes in the nuclear phase and evaluation of male germ units by flow cytometry during in vitro pollen tube growth in Alstroemeria aurea

Hirano

Hoshino

2009

J Plant Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…During pollen tube elongation, the VN and the SCs/GC are usually closely associated and move as a male germ unit (MGU) (13,21). For decades, the movement of the MGU has been analyzed using cytoskeleton-depolymerizing reagents or heterogeneous antimyosin antibodies (22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27). However, no genes have been implicated in MGU movement, and the function of the joint migration of VN and GC/SC remains hypothetical.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient plant male fertility depends on vegetative nuclear movement mediated by two families of plant outer nuclear membrane proteins

Zhou

Meier

2014

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Increasing evidence suggests that nuclear migration is important for eukaryotic development. Although nuclear migration is conserved in plants, its importance for plant development has not yet been established. The most extraordinary plant nuclear migration events involve plant fertilization, which is starkly different from that of animals. Instead of evolving self-propelled sperm cells (SCs), plants use pollen tubes to deliver SCs, in which the pollen vegetative nucleus (VN) and the SCs migrate as a unit toward the ovules, a fundamental but barely understood process. Here, we report that WPP domain-interacting proteins (WIPs) and their binding partners the WPP domain-interacting tail-anchored proteins (WITs) are essential for pollen nuclear migration. Loss-offunction mutations in WIT and/or WIP gene families resulted in impaired VN movement, inefficient SC delivery, and defects in pollen tube reception. WIPs are Klarsicht/ANC-1/Syne-1 Homology (KASH) analogs in plants. KASH proteins are key players in animal nuclear migration. Thus, this study not only reveals an important nuclear migration mechanism in plant fertilization but also, suggests that similar nuclear migration machinery is conserved between plants and animals.nuclear envelope | Arabidopsis | male gametophyte | LINC complex N uclear migration is essential for cell differentiation, polarization, and migration, which influence organism development (1-3). Examples range from Caenorhabditis elegans P-cell development to mammalian neural development (1-3). The key players in opisthokont nuclear migration are the inner nuclear membrane Sad1/UNC-84 (SUN) proteins and outer nuclear membrane Klarsicht/ANC-1/Syne-1 Homology (KASH) proteins. SUN and KASH proteins form the linkers of the nucleoskeleton and the cytoskeleton complexes at the nuclear envelope (NE) and transfer cytoplasmic forces to the nucleus (1-3). In plants, nuclear migration is associated with a number of developmental events and environmental responses, including fertilization, root and leaf hair formation, and plant-microbe interactions (4, 5). So far, little is known about the mechanism of plant nuclear migration. Although SUN proteins are conserved in plants (6, 7), absence of animal KASH homologs in plants suggests that plants may have evolved different molecular solutions to achieve nuclear migration. Recently, WPP domaininteracting proteins (WIPs) were identified as KASH proteins in plants (8), and their outer nuclear membrane binding partners WPP domain-interacting tail anchored proteins (WITs) were shown to interact with myosin XI-I (9). The WIT-myosin XI

show abstract

“…Clarification of the factor determining ptDNA inheritance is thus considered to be very important for the better design of breeding programs in Rhododendron. The mode of ptDNA inheritance in this genus is also biparental, which was confirmed by observation of fluorescently stained generative cells (Kaul et al, 1987;Kuroiwa, 1991). Although progeny from interspecific crosses had maternal, paternal, or biparental ptDNA, frequencies of occurrence differed among cross combinations (Michishita et al, 2002;Ureshino et al, 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 79%

Maternal Nuclear Genome Controls Paternal ptDNA Inheritance in Progeny from Interspecific Crosses of <i>Rhododendron</i> spp.

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The genetic factor controlling the mode of plastid DNA (ptDNA) inheritance in Rhododendron was investigated using polymerase chain reaction-single-stranded conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) analysis at the trnL-trnF intergeneric region. In the cross of R. kaempferi var. macrogemma × R. simsii, a low frequency of paternal ptDNA inheritance was observed in the progeny. In the cross of R. transiens × R. simsii, a high frequency of paternal ptDNA was observed in the progeny. When the F 1 plants from R. kaempferi var. macrogemma × R. transiens were used as seed parents and were crossed with R. simsii, the pattern of ptDNA inheritance was segregated into 2 types among cross combinations at a ratio of 1:1, namely, low (2.0-11.1%) and high (32.6-66.6%) frequencies of paternal ptDNA inheritance, although the F 1 plants had identical ptDNA from R. kaempferi var. macrogemma. From these results, we conclude that the mode of ptDNA inheritance is controlled by at least one major gene in the maternal nucleus.

show abstract

Association of the Generative Cell and Vegetative Nucleus in Pollen Tubes of Rhododendron

Cited by 43 publications

References 0 publications

Detection of changes in the nuclear phase and evaluation of male germ units by flow cytometry during in vitro pollen tube growth in Alstroemeria aurea

Detection of changes in the nuclear phase and evaluation of male germ units by flow cytometry during in vitro pollen tube growth in Alstroemeria aurea

Efficient plant male fertility depends on vegetative nuclear movement mediated by two families of plant outer nuclear membrane proteins

Maternal Nuclear Genome Controls Paternal ptDNA Inheritance in Progeny from Interspecific Crosses of <i>Rhododendron</i> spp.

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About