Association of the combination of weight gain after 20 years of age and current obesity with chronic kidney disease in Japan: a cross-sectional study

Ochiai, Hirotaka; Shirasawa, Takako; Yoshimoto, Takahiko; Nagahama, Satsue; Kobayashi, Mariko; Minoura, Akira; Ikeda, Keiichiro; Ozaki, Eri; Hoshino, Hiromi; Kokaze, Akatsuki

doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2018-027752

“…For example, in a cohort of healthy men, Ryu and colleagues found a U‐shaped distribution between weight change and CKD risk, which was heightened with both weight loss and weight gain [33]. In a study of 94,288 Japanese adults, Ochaiai and colleagues showed that the association between weight gain and CKD risk was higher among those with obesity than those with normal weight [34]. With weight gain, both glomerular filtration rate and renal plasma flow must increase, and this may lead to compensatory hypertrophy of the glomerular capillary, glomerular tuft, and renal tubules.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modifiable kidney disease risk factors among nondiabetic adults with obesity from the Multi‐Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis

Harhay,

Kim,

Moore

et al. 2023

Obesity

0

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ObjectiveIt is unknown whether weight change or physical fitness is associated with chronic kidney disease (CKD) risk among nondiabetic adults with obesity.MethodsThis was a prospective, longitudinal cohort study of adults with obesity without baseline CKD or diabetes enrolled in the Multi‐Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). Linear mixed‐effects and multistate models were adjusted for demographics, time‐varying covariates including blood pressure, and comorbidities these were used to examine associations of weight change and slow walking pace (<2 miles/h) with (i) rate of annual estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) decline and (ii) incident CKD, defined as eGFRCr‐Cys < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2, and tested for interaction by baseline hypertension status.ResultsAmong 1208 included MESA participants (median BMI 33.0 kg/m2 [interquartile range 31.2–35.9]), 15% developed CKD. Slow walking pace was associated with eGFR decline (−0.27 mL/min/1.73 m2/year; 95% CI: −0.42 to −0.12) and CKD risk (adjusted hazard ratio 1.48; 95% CI: 1.08 to 2.01). Weight gain was associated with CKD risk (adjusted hazard ratio 1.34; 95% CI: 1.02 to 1.78 per 5 kg weight gain from baseline). There was no significant interaction by baseline hypertension status.ConclusionsSlow walking pace and weight gain were associated with CKD risk among adults with obesity who did not have diabetes at baseline.

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“…Because 35,017 participants with missing data were excluded from the analysis, 94,893 participants were analyzed in this study. The present study was a cross-sectional survey that used the data including the study subjects, and several studies that used the data have been reported [9][10][11][12][13][14][15].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Blood glucose, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglyceride (TG), ALT, AST, and SCr levels were measured within 24 hours of blood collection. The detail of the measurements was described in our previous studies [9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. The estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was calculated with the following formula: eGFR = 194 × SCr ðmg/dLÞ −1:094 × age ðyearsÞ −0:287 ðif female × 0:739Þ [16].…”

Section: Data Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatic Steatosis Index and Chronic Kidney Disease among Middle-Aged Individuals: A Large-Scale Study in Japan

Ochiai

¹

,

Shirasawa

²

,

Yoshimoto

³

et al. 2021

Self Cite

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Background. Though nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is related to chronic kidney disease (CKD), it is unclear whether the hepatic steatosis index (HSI), a screening tool for NAFLD, is related to CKD. The present study investigated the relationship between HSI and CKD among middle-aged individuals in Japan. Methods. Subjects were adults (aged 40–64 years) who received an annual health checkup in Japan between April 2013 and March 2014. Height and weight were measured, and venous blood samples were obtained to determine alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and creatinine levels. HSI was calculated by the following formula: HSI = 8 × ALT / AST ratio + body mass index (+2, if diabetes; +2, if female). CKD was defined as an estimated glomerular filtration rate < 60 mL / min / 1.73 m 2 and/or urinary protein of ≥ (+). Logistic regression analysis was performed to estimate the odds ratio (OR) and its 95% confidence interval (CI) for CKD. Results. Data of 94,893 adults were analyzed. Compared with men with an HSI < 30 , men with 30 ≤ HSI ≤ 36 (OR: 1.50, 95% CI: 1.40–1.61) and HSI > 36 (OR: 2.14, 95% CI: 1.99–2.31) had significantly higher ORs for CKD. Moreover, there was a significant dose-response relationship between HSI and CKD ( P for trend < 0.001 ). Even after adjusting for confounders, the significant results persisted. These findings in men were similar to those in women. Conclusions. This study showed that the HSI was associated with CKD among middle-aged adults in Japan. Additionally, a dose-response relationship of HSI to CKD was observed. The present study suggested that it might be useful to monitor the HSI among middle-aged individuals to detect CKD at an early stage.

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“…On the other hand, weight gain generally tends to accrue in middle age regardless of race or gender. 7 Long-term weight gain during adulthood has been linked to increased risks of metabolic syndrome (MetS), 8 chronic kidney disease, 9 hypertension, 10 non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), 11 sleep disturbance, 12 and dyslipidemia, 13 independently of the peak BMI level reached. These widespread findings are in agreement with the results of studies conducted in Asian populations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Weight Gain After 20 Years of Age is Associated with Unfavorable Lifestyle and Increased Prevalence of Metabolic Disorders

Takebe¹,

Tanno²,

Ohmomo³

et al. 2021

DMSO

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Purpose It is unclear what kind of modifiable lifestyle factors are associated with long-time weight gain in adulthood. To clarify the lifestyle behavior related to body weight gain since the age of 20 years, we explored the lifestyle risk factor, independently associated with excessive weight gain after 20 years of age as compared to those in subjects with a stable weight, with matching of age, gender, and the current body mass index (BMI). Patients and Methods From baseline data of a general population-based cohort study, we designed a cross-sectional analysis collecting individual data of medical health check-ups and a questionnaire related to lifestyle, including amount of sleep, frequency of eating breakfast, average times per day engaged in walking and sitting in the prior year, and smoking habits. These data were compared between the subjects with weight gain ≥10kg (n=3601) and <10kg (n=3601) after age 20, matched by a propensity score model which included current BMI, age and gender. We used multivariable logistic regressions to assess the lifestyle factor’s association with high weight gain. Results Participants who gained ≥10 kg were significantly more likely to sleep <5 hours or ≥9 hours per night, skip breakfast, engage in walking <1 hour per day, and sit ≥5 hours per day than those who gained <10kg. Multivariable logistic regressions analyses showed that, with adjusting for potential confounder, the lifestyles with the positive association with high weight gain were skipping breakfast (OR 1.252; 95% CI 1.053–1.489, vs regularly), long sleeping duration (9 hours/day≤ OR 1.613; 95% CI 1.018–2.557 vs 5≤-<7 hours/day), and former smoker (OR 1.163; 95% CI 1.008–1.343 vs never smoker), while walking duration was negatively associated with high weight gain. Furthermore, despite similar current BMI, participants with weight gain ≥10kg had significantly higher values for waist circumference, blood pressure, HbA1c, LDL-C, triglycerides, and hepatic enzyme levels than those with weight gain <10kg. Similarly, the prevalence rates of hypertension, dyslipidemia, metabolic syndrome (MetS), and former smoker were higher in the participants with weight gain ≥10kg. Conclusion Major weight gain after 20 years of age was associated with unfavorable lifestyle factors and greater waist circumference, possibly leading to elevated risk for MetS and other non-communicable diseases. These findings highlight the importance of maintaining both weight at age 20 and a favorable lifestyle throughout adulthood.

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Association of the combination of weight gain after 20 years of age and current obesity with chronic kidney disease in Japan: a cross-sectional study

Cited by 4 publications

References 25 publications

Modifiable kidney disease risk factors among nondiabetic adults with obesity from the Multi‐Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis

Modifiable kidney disease risk factors among nondiabetic adults with obesity from the Multi‐Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis

Hepatic Steatosis Index and Chronic Kidney Disease among Middle-Aged Individuals: A Large-Scale Study in Japan

Weight Gain After 20 Years of Age is Associated with Unfavorable Lifestyle and Increased Prevalence of Metabolic Disorders

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