Association of the Calcium-Sensing Receptor Gene with Blood Pressure and Urinary Calcium in African-Americans

Jung, Jeesun; Foroud, Tatiana; Eckert, George J.; Flury-Wetherill, Leah; Edenberg, Howard J.; Xuei, Xiaoling; Zaidi, Syed Adeel; Pratt, J. Howard

doi:10.1210/jc.2008-1861

Cited by 33 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Some associations of SNPs with traits relevant to the kidney have involved noncoding SNPs (those present in introns or the promoter of the CaSR gene), perhaps by modifying receptor expression. In African Americans in the Indianapolis area, three SNPs were associated with systolic blood pressure and with urinary calcium excretion (75). These same investigators observed an interaction between CaSR, the CLCNKB (the basolateral chloride channel in the thick limb), and NKCC genes that contributed to variation in diastolic blood pressure, perhaps through changes in sodium and/or calcium transport in the TAL (76).…”

Section: Impact Of Casr Polymorphisms On the Kidneymentioning

confidence: 87%

Physiology and pathophysiology of the calcium-sensing receptor in the kidney

Riccardi

Brown

2010

American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology

287

239

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Section: Impact Of Casr Polymorphisms On the Kidneymentioning

confidence: 87%

Physiology and pathophysiology of the calcium-sensing receptor in the kidney

Riccardi

Brown

2010

American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology

287

239

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“…CASR expressed in the thick ascending limb inhibits the Na-K-2Cl cotransporter, resulting in a decrease in sodium reabsorption and a secondary decrease in calcium reabsorption. Therefore, it is suggested that CASR gene variants influence blood pressure by affecting sodium retention [16].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High serum parathyroid hormone and calcium are risk factors for hypertension in Japanese patients

et al. 2014

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Parathyroid hormone (PTH) plays an important role in bone resorption and renal calcium reabsorption. Excess PTH, known as primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT), results in hypercalcemia and bone loss [1] and is reported to be associated with high cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in both hypercalcemia-dependent and -independent manners [2][3][4][5]. Several studies have suggested that PTH levels are associated with hypertension and hypertension-related organ damage, including left ventricular hypertrophy and vascular stiffness [6][7][8][9] (pHPT), results in hypercalcemia and bone loss. Recent studies have shown that PTH is associated with the occurrence of hypertension in Western countries; however, controversy remains regarding high serum levels of PTH and calcium as risk factors for hypertension in Japanese patients. We retrospectively enrolled 114 consecutive Japanese patients who visited our hospital for examination and treatment of hypercalcemia and/or hypertension with serum calcium levels ≥9.8 mg/dL. To estimate the prevalence of hypertension, the patients were categorized according to calcium levels into hypercalcemic (10.2-13.4 mg/dL) and normocalcemic (9.8-10.1 mg/dL) groups, which were further categorized into high PTH (50-440 pg/mL) and low PTH (8-49 pg/mL) groups. The prevalence of hypertension was higher in patients with hypercalcemia than in patients with normocalcemia in both the high and low PTH groups. The prevalence of hypertension was higher in patients with high serum PTH levels than in patients with low serum PTH levels in both the hypercalcemic and normocalcemic groups. Logistic multiple regression analysis determined that serum calcium (P < 0.05) and PTH (P < 0.01) levels were positive contributors to hypertension. In conclusion, high serum levels of PTH and calcium are risk factors for hypertension in Japanese patients.

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“…2). The effect of GA on blood pressure may have resulted from enhanced absorption of Ca 2+ , which may lower blood pressure due to stimulation of the Ca 2+ -sensingreceptor with subsequent vasodilation [26] and natriuresis due to inhibition of Na + ,K + ,2Cl - cotransport in the thick ascending limb [27]. Whatever mechanism involved, the decrease of proteinuria may delay the progression of renal disease [28], as proteinuria is an important parameter for the progression of renal disease [28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36,37].…”

Section: Renal Effects Of Gum Arabicmentioning

confidence: 99%

Renal and Extrarenal Effects of Gum Arabic (Acacia Senegal) - What Can be Learned from Animal Experiments?

Nasir

2013

Kidney Blood Press Res

1,740

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Gum arabic (GA), a water-soluble dietary fiber rich in Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺ and K⁺, is used in Middle Eastern countries for the treatment of patients with chronic kidney disease. Recent animal experiments shed some light into mechanisms involved in the therapeutic action of GA. According to experiments in healthy mice, GA treatment increases creatinine clearance, enhances renal excretion of ADH, Mg²⁺ and Ca²⁺, decreases plasma phosphate concentration as well as urinary excretion of phosphate and Na⁺. In diabetic mice GA treatment increases urinary Ca²⁺ excretion, and decreases plasma phosphate concentration, plasma urea concentration, urinary flow rate, natriuresis, phosphaturia, glucosuria, proteinuria as well as blood pressure. Extrarenal effects of GA treatment in mice include decreased expression of intestinal Na⁺ coupled glucose carrier SGLT1 with subsequent delay of electrogenic intestinal glucose transport, glucose-induced hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia and body weight gain. GA treatment decreases colonic transcription of the angiogenetic factors angiogenin 1, angiogenin 3 and angiogenin 4, of CD38 antigen, aquaporin4, interleukin18, vav-3-oncogene, y⁺-amino acid-transporter, sulfatase1, ubiquitinD and chemokine ligand5. Moreover, GA treatment decreases angiogenin and ß-catenin protein expression. Accordingly, GA treatment counteracts the development of tumors following chemical cancerogenesis. In mouse dendritic cells, antigen-presenting cells linking innate and adaptive immunity, GA treatment modifies maturation and cytokine release. GA treatment further favourably influences the course of murine malaria. The effects of GA treatment on plasma phosphate concentration, blood pressure and proteinuria may prove beneficial in chronic renal failure and diabetic nephropathy. The effect of GA on intestinal glucose transport may be useful in the prophylaxis and treatment of obesity and diabetes, the effect of GA on angiogenin and ß-catenin expression could be exploited for the prophylaxis against colon carcinoma, the effects of GA on angiogenin expression and dendritic cells may be useful in the treatment of inflammatory disease and malaria.

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Association of the Calcium-Sensing Receptor Gene with Blood Pressure and Urinary Calcium in African-Americans

Abstract: The findings suggest that in African-Americans, functional heterogeneity of the CASR in thick ascending limb may influence BP.

Cited by 33 publications

References 29 publications

Physiology and pathophysiology of the calcium-sensing receptor in the kidney

Physiology and pathophysiology of the calcium-sensing receptor in the kidney

High serum parathyroid hormone and calcium are risk factors for hypertension in Japanese patients

Renal and Extrarenal Effects of Gum Arabic (Acacia Senegal) - What Can be Learned from Animal Experiments?

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