Association of Team Sports Participation With Long-term Mental Health Outcomes Among Individuals Exposed to Adverse Childhood Experiences

Easterlin, Molly C.; Chung, Paul J.; Leng, Mei; Dudovitz, Rebecca

doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2019.1212

Cited by 112 publications

(104 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…1,2 High school athletics play an important role in improving the short-and long-term health of these students. [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10] During the winter and spring of 2020, the novel SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus and the resultant disease, COVID-19, reached pandemic proportions in the United States. In an effort to slow the spread of COVID-19, high schools across the US were closed to in-person teaching, and many extracurricular activities such as high school interscholastic sports were cancelled.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Health Of Us Adolescent Athletes During Covid-19 Related School Closures And Sport Cancellations

McGuine

Biese

Petrovska

et al. 2020

Journal of Athletic Training

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Context: In the spring of 2020, US schools closed to in-person teaching and sports were cancelled to control the transmission of COVID-19. It is critical to understand the mental and physical health of adolescent athletes during this time. Objective: Describe the health of athletes during COVID-19 related school closures and sport cancellations. Design: Cross sectional. Setting: A national sample recruited via social media. Patients or Other Participants: 13,002 US adolescent athletes (age=16.3+1.2 yrs., female=53.1%) completed an anonymous online survey. Main Outcome Measure(s): Demographic information included: sex, grade, sports played and zip code. Assessments included the: General Anxiety Disorder-7 Item (GAD-7) for anxiety, Patient Health Questionnaire-9 Item (PHQ-9) for depression, the Pediatric Functional Activity Brief Scale (PFABS) for physical activity, and the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory 4.0 (PedsQL) for quality of life. Mental health, physical activity and quality of life variables were compared between sex, grade, sports played and poverty level using means and 95%CI from the survey weighted ANOVA. Results: Females reported a higher prevalence of moderate to severe anxiety symptoms (females=43.7% vs. males=28.2%). The PFABS score (mean [95%CI] was highest (best) for grade 9 (14.5 [14.0,15.0]) and lowest for grade 11 (10.9 [10.5,11.3]. The prevalence of depression symptoms was highest in team sport (74.1%) and lowest for individual sport participants (64.9%). The total PedsQL score was lowest (worst) for athletes from counties with the highest poverty levels (high=74.5[73.7,75.3], middle=78.9[78.0,79.8], low=78.3 [77.4,79.1]). Conclusions: The health of US adolescents during the COVID-19 related school closures and sport cancellations varied to differing degrees depending on sex, grade level, type of sport participation and level of poverty. Health policy experts should consider these findings when creating and implementing policies to improve the health of adolescents in the US in the future.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Health Of Us Adolescent Athletes During Covid-19 Related School Closures And Sport Cancellations

McGuine

Biese

Petrovska

et al. 2020

Journal of Athletic Training

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“…However, specific outcomes vary by activity type, with research consistently showing that sport participation may have long-term mental health benefits [11,42,70]. Among individuals with a history of adverse childhood experiences, team-sport participation in adolescence has been related to increased resilience against later internalizing disorders in adulthood [24]. Physical activity also has been associated with improvement in depressive symptoms in adolescents aged 13-17 [16].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The importance of social factors in the association between physical activity and depression in children

Conley

Hindley

Baskin‐Sommers

et al. 2020

Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health

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Background: Physical activity is associated with reduced depression in youth and adults. However, our understanding of how different aspects of youth activities-specifically, the degree to which they are social, team-oriented, and physical-relate to mental health in children is less clear. Methods: Here we use a data-driven approach to characterize the degree to which physical and non-physical youth activities are social and team-oriented. We then examine the relationship between depressive symptoms and participation in different clusters of youth activities using mixed effect models and causal mediation analyses in 11,875 children from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study. We test our hypotheses in an original sample (n = 4520, NDA release 1.1) and replication sample of participants (n = 7355, NDA release 2.0.1). Results: We show and replicate that social-physical activities are associated with lower depressive symptoms. Next, we demonstrate that social connections, measured by number of close friends, partially mediate the association between social-physical activities and lower depressive symptoms. Conclusions: Our results provide a rubric for using data-driven techniques to investigate different aspects of youth activities and highlight the social dynamics of physical activities as a possible protective factor against depression in childhood.

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“…However, there is evidence in the literature that lack of physical activity may be linked to the state of emotional dysregulation known to be associated with obesity [8,48]. Emerging evidence emphasizing the positive role of team sport participation on longer term mental health, especially in children who have experienced adverse childhood events [56] makes this an important consideration in youth such as those in this study. This study found no statistically significant differences in the dietary intake of foods shown to be related to risk of obesity including the servings of water, sugar sweetened beverages, fruits and vegetables, as well as the patterns of meals eaten at home and fast food intake.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Psychosocial, behavioral and clinical correlates of children with overweight and obesity

et al. 2020

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Background: Psychological and behavioral correlates are considered important in the development and persistence of obesity in both adults and youth. This study aimed to identify such features in youth with severe obesity (BMI ≥ 120% of 95 th percentile of sex-specific BMI-forage) compared to those with overweight or non-severe obesity. Methods: Youth with BMI ≥ 85 th percentile were invited to participate in a prospective research registry where data was collected on attributes such as family characteristics, eating behaviors, dietary intake, physical activity, perception of health and mental well-being, and cardiometabolic parameters. Results: In a racially/ethnically diverse cohort of 105 youth (65% female, median age 16.1 years, range 4.62-25.5), 51% had severe obesity. The body fat percent increased with the higher levels of obesity. There were no differences in the self-reported frequency of intake of sugar sweetened beverages or fresh produce across the weight categories. However, the participants with severe obesity reported higher levels of emotional eating and eating when bored (p = 0.022), levels of stress (p = 0.013), engaged in fewer sports or organized activities (p = 0.044), and had suboptimal perception of health (p = 0.053). Asthma, depression and obstructive sleep apnea were more frequently reported in youth with severe obesity. The presence of abnormal HDL-C, HOMA-IR, hs-CRP and multiple cardiometabolic risk factors were more common among youth with severe obesity. Conclusions: Youth with severe obesity have identifiable differences in psychosocial and behavioral attributes that can be used to develop targeted intervention strategies to improve their health.

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Association of Team Sports Participation With Long-term Mental Health Outcomes Among Individuals Exposed to Adverse Childhood Experiences

Cited by 112 publications

References 37 publications

The Health Of Us Adolescent Athletes During Covid-19 Related School Closures And Sport Cancellations

The Health Of Us Adolescent Athletes During Covid-19 Related School Closures And Sport Cancellations

The importance of social factors in the association between physical activity and depression in children

Psychosocial, behavioral and clinical correlates of children with overweight and obesity

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