Association of T-cell co-regulatory protein expression with clinical outcomes following radical cystectomy for urothelial carcinoma of the bladder

The prognostic effect of tumour-infiltrating lymphocytic subpopulations in bladder cancer

“…Furthermore, promising first results have been obtained in the treatment of metastatic bladder cancer with an inhibitor of PD-L1, which is a checkpoint molecule for immune response [19] and has been connected with an unfavourable outcome in bladder cancer patients with organ-confined disease only recently [20]. On the other hand, PD-L1 expression on tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes has been linked to a better outcome [21].…”

Current state of anti-PD-L1 and anti-PD-1 agents in cancer therapy

“…PD-L1 expression within the bladder tumor microenvironment or the BCG granulomas is associated with increased invasiveness and failure to local BCG therapy (Inman et al, 2007). In addition, PD-L1 expression in UBC tumor cells is an independent factor for increased mortality in organ-confined UBC patients who had undergone cystectomy (Xylinas et al, 2014;Boorjian et al, 2008). In addition to PD-L1 expression, other immune markers such as B7-H3 expressed on UBC tumor cells and PD-1 expressed on the TILs are prevalent, providing a rationale for anti-tumor activity with PD-1 pathway blockade (Thompson et al, 2006).…”

The expanding repertoire of targets for immune checkpoint inhibition in bladder cancer: What lies beneath the tip of the iceberg, PD-L1

“…In urothelial cancer of the bladder, preoperative bacillus Calmette-Guerin treatment is associated with B7-H3 overexpression [22]. Subsequent studies on urothelial cell tumors confirmed that B7-H3 overexpression is present in bladder tumors across all pathologic stages [22, 55] and is likely a consequence of increased B7-H3 mRNA expression in urothelial carcinoma cells [56]. …”