Association of suicidal ideation with poor sleep quality among Ethiopian adults

Abstract

Objective To examine the extent to which poor sleep quality is associated with suicidal ideation among Ethiopian adults. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among 1,054 adults attending outpatient clinical facilities in Ethiopia. Standardized questionnaires were utilized to collect data on demographics, sleep quality, lifestyle, and depression status. Depression and suicidal ideation were assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), while the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire was utilized to assess sleep quality. Multivariate logistic regression models were fit to estimate adjusted odds ratio (AOR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). Results The prevalence of suicidal ideation was 24.3% while poor sleep quality (PSQI global score of > 5vs. ≤5) was endorsed by 60.2% of participants. After adjustment for confounders including depression, poor sleep quality was associated with more than 3-fold increased odds of suicidal ideation (AOR=3.46; 95%CI 2.27–5.26). When assessed as a continuous variable, each 1-unit increase in the global PSQI score resulted in a 20% increased odds for suicidal ideation, even after adjusting for depression (AOR=1.20; 95%CI 1.14–1.27). Participants with both poor sleep quality and depression had much higher odds (AOR=24.9, 95% CI 15.2–40.8) of suicidal ideation as compared with those who had good sleep quality and no depression although inferences from this analysis are limited due to the wide 95%CI. Conclusion Suicidal ideation and poor sleep quality are highly prevalent. Individuals with poor sleep quality have higher odds of suicidal ideation. If confirmed, mental health services need to address sleep disturbances seriously to prevent suicidal episodes.

Sleep Quality and Associated Factors among Diabetes, Hypertension, and Heart Failure Patients at Debre Markos Referral Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia

“…(1) Good Sleep Quality. After calculating the global score of sleep quality, the global score of PSQI is five and below [19,23] (2) Poor Sleep Quality. After calculating the global score of sleep quality, the global score of PSQI is above five [19,23] (3) Anxiety.…”

“…After calculating the global score of sleep quality, the global score of PSQI is five and below [19,23] (2) Poor Sleep Quality. After calculating the global score of sleep quality, the global score of PSQI is above five [19,23] (3) Anxiety. Study participants who scored 9 and above in the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Item 7 (GAD-7) questionnaire were categorized as having anxiety [24] ( (Figure 1).…”

“…Poor sleep quality not only has been associated with various diseases but also leads to occupational accidents [1], poor performance, higher health care utilization, car crash injuries [8], falls especially in older adults [18], and suicidal ideation [19]. Thus, identifying and treating coexisting sleep problems among patients with chronic illness will improve the treatment outcome of patients [20].…”

The prevalence of poor sleep quality and associated risk factors among Chinese elderly adults in nursing homes: A cross-sectional study

“…Another large cohort study indicated that short sleepers with poor sleep quality had an increased risk of cardiovascular disease [14]. In addition, many studies [15][16][17] have indicated that poor sleep quality is a powerful predictor of suicidal ideation and depressive symptoms among the elderly. However, the underlying mechanisms between poor sleep quality and these harmful consequences are still unclear.…”

Association between poor sleep quality and depression symptoms among the elderly in nursing homes in Hunan province, China: a cross-sectional study

“…Poor sleep quality has significant negative effects on physical and mental health, and health-related quality of life. [8][9][10] Specifically, epidemiological studies suggested that poor sleep quality is a strong risk factor strengths and limitations of this study ► This is the first study to examine the impact of sleep quality on depression symptoms among the Chinese elderly in nursing homes. ► The study provides valuable information on sleep pattern and emotional problems among the elderly in a nursing home setting.…”