Association of sugar-sweetened beverage intake with risk of metabolic syndrome among children and adolescents in urban China

Li, Shuyi; Cao, Muqing; Yang, Chen; Zheng, Hao; Zhu, Yanna

doi:10.1017/s1368980019003653

Cited by 20 publications

(19 citation statements)

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“…SSBs have been identified as the leading source of added sugars in the adolescent diet [ 14 , 15 , 18 , 21 ]. Further, they are associated with cardiometabolic risk factors [ 1 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 12 ] and are more strongly associated with obesity and related outcomes than solid sources of added sugars, as they contribute to excess energy intake and weight gain due to low satiety and incomplete compensation at subsequent meals [ 12 , 55 , 56 , 57 ]. Various regulatory initiatives to reduce SSB consumption, such as taxes, advertising and marketing restrictions, and product labeling rules, have been proposed and/or adopted in Latin America [ 58 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Added sugars are defined as any caloric sweeteners, including honey and syrups, added to food during processing/manufacturing or at the table [ 1 ]. Consumption of added sugars, especially from sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs), has been associated with increased risk of weight gain [ 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 ], insulin resistance [ 6 , 7 ], metabolic syndrome [ 8 , 9 , 10 ], lipid panel abnormalities [ 1 , 2 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 11 ], trunk fat accumulation, obesity [ 10 , 12 ] and visceral adiposity [ 8 ]. Adolescents living in low- and middle-income countries are a particularly vulnerable group to high consumption of added sugars [ 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dietary Intake and Sources of Added Sugars in Various Food Environments in Costa Rican Adolescents

et al. 2022

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Consumption of added sugars, especially from sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs), has been associated with several negative health outcomes during adolescence. This study aimed to identify dietary intake and food sources of added sugars in the home, school, and neighborhood environments of Costa Rican adolescents. Dietary intake of added sugars was determined using 3-day food records in a cross-sectional study of 818 adolescents aged 12 to 19 and enrolled in rural and urban schools in the province of San José. On average, 90% of adolescents consumed more than 10% of their total energy intake from added sugars. Furthermore, 74.0% of added sugars were provided at home, 17.4% at school, and 8.6% in the neighborhood. Added sugars were primarily provided by frescos (29.4%), fruit-flavored still drinks (22.9%), and sugar-sweetened carbonated beverages (12.3%), for a total contribution of 64.6%. Our findings suggest that Costa Rican adolescents have a plethora of added sugar sources in all food environments where they socialize. However, it is relevant for public health to consider the home and school environments as fundamental units of interventions aimed at reducing added sugars in the adolescent diet. Frescos prepared at home and school and fruit-flavored still drinks must be the focus of these interventions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Intake and Sources of Added Sugars in Various Food Environments in Costa Rican Adolescents

et al. 2022

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“…High beverage consumption was also associated with elevated blood pressure in children aged 11~12 in Netherlands [16]and students in Iran [17]. Two surveys in China involving thousands of people respectively demonstrated that high SSBs intake was positively associated with an increased risk of metabolic syndrome [18] and serum total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) [19]. Therefore, we should pay more attention to the consumption behavior of sugary drinks in children and adolescents.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Excessive consumption of SSBs increased the risk of dental caries in adolescents [14]. More importantly, a growing body of evidence supported the negative health effect of SSBs to chronic disease such as overweight and obese [15], metabolic syndrome, hypertension [16,17] and dyslipidemia [18,19] not only in adults but also in children and adolescents. Therefore, there is an urgent need to intervene in children's unhealthy eating habits of sugary drinks consumption.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unhealthy Attitude or Behavior Factors and Habitual Sugar Sweetened Beverages Consumption in Junior School Students: a Cross-Sectional Study in 2020 and Long Term Trend From 2012 to 2020

Peng¹,

Wang²,

Zhang³

et al. 2020

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BackgroundSugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) consumption is the major source of added sugar intake and a common unhealthy eating behavior among youth in China and around the world. Excessive intake of SSBs has a negative impact on both short- and long-term health of adolescent. The targeting nutritional education and behavioral guidance, single use or as a supplement to the policy intervention like sales ban, is a low cost and effective intervening approach. The purpose of this study was to identify unhealthy attitudes and behaviors that affect youth's consumption of sugary drinks to provide evidence for subsequent targeted interventions.MethodsUsing the stratified cluster sampling method, a questionnaire survey was conducted among 1560 junior school students in Jinzhong City, Shanxi Province, in northern China and Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province, in southern China. The content of the questionnaire included sociodemographic characteristics, self-reported consumption frequency of SSBs, attitude, behaviors and habits related to SSBs consumption. The Cronbach coefficient of questions was 0.855. Data from the series surveys of 2012 and 2018 were also used in the long-term trend analysis.ResultsIn 1466 Chinese junior school students, 5.1 % consumed SSBs every day and 13.6 % consumed it 3-6 times/week. The binary logistic regression was significant (R2=31.1%, P=0.001), and the attitude and behavior factors contributed to 22.1% of the 31.1% variation that could be explained. Among all factors, four unhealthy attitudes or behaviors with the highest OR were "Drink SSBs as water" (OR=10.288, 95%CI: 6.392~16.558), "Deem SSBs not affect health” (OR=2.735, 95%CI: 2.032~3.681), "Just want to drink SSBs” (OR=2.302, 95%CI: 1.524~3.478) and “Purchase SSBs in advance” (OR=2.245, 95%CI: 1.454~3.465). The SSBs consumption frequency increased with the increase of risk score of unhealthy attitudes and behaviors. (χ²-trend=127.470, P<0.001). Both frequency of drinking SSBs and holding rates of unhealthy attitudes or behaviors decreased with the passage of time (P trend<0.005). The drinking times per month was significantly positively correlated with the risk scores from 2012 to 2020 (r=0.314, P<0.001).ConclusionThe consumption of sugary drinks was largely influenced by unhealthy attitudes and behaviors. Adolescents are in the critical period of cognitive and habit formation, thus targeted intervention should be taken to promote their SSBs related healthy attitude and behavior to reduce the intake of added sugar and benefit them for life.

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“…SSBs may affect child health during a sensitive period [ 2 ]. Although our previous research showed a relationship between SSBs and metabolic index in childhood [ 3 ], chronic diseases are seldom present at such young age. According to a German study, clinical symptom complaints are common among school-aged children [ 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sugar-Sweetened Beverages and Symptom Complaints among School-Aged Children: A National Longitudinal Study

et al. 2022

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The association between sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) and symptom complaints among school-aged children remains unclear. Children aged 6–17 years (n = 29,028) were recruited on the basis of a national school-based study. Data collection included two waves: the exposure was the amount and frequency of SSB consumption, collected in the 2013 autumn semester, and outcomes were defined as having clinical symptom complaints after two weeks of observation, collected in the 2014 spring semester. Symptom complaints were defined as fever, cough, headache, loose bowels, vomiting, sore throat, rash, conjunctival congestion, and stomachache. The associations between the amount/frequency of SSBs and symptoms complaints were explored by a general linear model, with adjustments made for socio-demographic and other lifestyle information. Among the 12,454 children (10.32 ± 3.15 years, 48.7% male) in the final analysis, the odds ratio for having symptom complaints (1.46, 95% CI: 1.10–1.95) among children whose SSB consumption was >75 mL/day was significantly higher than that among children who had no SSB consumption. Among children with a daily SSB intake of more than 75 mL, there was a higher risk for symptom complaints. We recommend more support for decreasing SSB consumption among children to minimize negative health outcomes.

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Association of sugar-sweetened beverage intake with risk of metabolic syndrome among children and adolescents in urban China

Cited by 20 publications

References 46 publications

Dietary Intake and Sources of Added Sugars in Various Food Environments in Costa Rican Adolescents

Dietary Intake and Sources of Added Sugars in Various Food Environments in Costa Rican Adolescents

Unhealthy Attitude or Behavior Factors and Habitual Sugar Sweetened Beverages Consumption in Junior School Students: a Cross-Sectional Study in 2020 and Long Term Trend From 2012 to 2020

Sugar-Sweetened Beverages and Symptom Complaints among School-Aged Children: A National Longitudinal Study

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