Association of Socioeconomic Status with Iodine Supply and Thyroid Disorders in Northeast Germany

Völzke, Henry; Craesmeyer, Clara; Nauck, Matthias; Below, Harald; Krämer, Axel; John, Ulrich; Baumeister, Sebastian E.; Ittermann, Till

doi:10.1089/thy.2012.0416

Cited by 34 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 34 publications

(24 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Even in other developed countries where health is a concerning public issue, myths have led to non-usage of iodized food products. In some European populations, such as Germany, groups argue against iodine fortification because of putative risks of allergies, skin disorders, and cancer, neglecting dose-response relationships between iodine use and such disorders 75 . In other countries, including the United Kingdom 76 and the United States, 1 salt intake is reduced because of potential risks of cardiovascular health, which subsequently leads to suboptimal iodine intake.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors affecting sustainable iodine deficiency elimination in Pakistan: A global perspective

Khattak

Ittermann³

et al. 2017

Journal of Epidemiology

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Iodine deficiency remains a considerable challenge worldwide, even after decades of efforts to address the problem. The aim of this review is to present the current situation in historically iodine-deficient Pakistan regarding iodine nutritional status and place it in a global perspective. We collected relevant articles from online bibliographic databases and websites of concerned organizations that addressed prevalence of goiter/iodine deficiency and barriers to sustainable control. We divided the studies into pre- and post-1994, a landmark year when Pakistan formally adopted the universal salt iodization (USI) programme. Overall, 56 studies reported goiter/iodine deficiency prevalence in Pakistan. Before 1994, six studies (30%) reported a goiter prevalence ≥70%, while nine studies (45%) reported a goiter prevalence between 30% and 70%. Only five studies (25%) found a goiter prevalence less than 30%, of which only two studies reported prevalence <10%. From 1994 onwards, 15 studies (41.7%) reported a goiter/iodine deficiency (ID) prevalence ≥50%, of which seven studies reported prevalence ≥70%, while three studies (8.3%) found a goiter prevalence of 30%–49%, nine studies (25%) found a goiter prevalence of 10%–29%, and five studies (13.9%) reported prevalence of <10%. Four studies (11.1%) reported lower goiter prevalence but higher prevalence of iodine deficiency. The efforts in the past two decades resulted in up to a 50% decline in iodine deficiency disorders (IDD). Variable remaining factors and the recent results, however, indicate that this decline may be non-uniform and even over-estimated. Coordinated and regionally adopted efforts for eradication of IDD from all stakeholders should be pursued. Policy makers should take steps to protect future generations and alert concerned organizations about the importance of careful assessments and estimates of iodine nutritional status.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors affecting sustainable iodine deficiency elimination in Pakistan: A global perspective

Khattak

Ittermann³

et al. 2017

Journal of Epidemiology

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…It has been demonstrated that severe ID is particularly prevalent in poor and less-educated people living in less-developed countries. Education has been shown to be a strong predictor of iodine intake levels (9) at both the population and individual level. For example, in 2000, the Belgium population began to consume more foods with iodine, resulting in a silent prophylaxis process, even before the salt iodization program was implemented (10), or as documented at the individual level in Indonesian (11), African (8), and Asian populations (12) where the mother's education is the strongest predictor of inadequately low iodine intake in children from urban slums and rural areas.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Iodine Nutritional Status in Schoolchildren from Public Schools in Brazil: A Cross-Sectional Study Exposes Association with Socioeconomic Factors and Food Insecurity

Campos

Rebouças

Beck

et al. 2016

Thyroid

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The intersectoral approach may include promoting the right to education; ensuring appropriate access to water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH); promoting employability; and ensuring human security and coordination with social protection. For instance, accumulating evidence shows that mothers’ education is a critical determinant for the adoption of a health intervention and that poor WASH conditions affect the absorption of certain micronutrients, decreasing the effectiveness of food fortification in certain settings . A comprehensive, equity‐sensitive approach should also include coordination with policies on noncommunicable diseases, including those related to the reduction of salt intake.…”

Section: Other Considerations On Social Determinants Of Health and Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

Large‐scale fortification of condiments and seasonings as a public health strategy: equity considerations for implementation

Zamora

Flores-Urrutia

Mayén

2016

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Fortification of staple foods with vitamins and minerals is an effective approach to increase micronutrient intake and improve nutritional status. The specific use of condiments and seasonings as vehicles in large-scale fortification programs is a relatively new public health strategy. This paper underscores equity considerations for the implementation of large-scale fortification of condiments and seasonings as a public health strategy by examining nonexhaustive examples of programmatic experiences and pilot projects in various settings. An overview of conceptual elements in implementation research and equity is presented, followed by an examination of equity considerations for five implementation strategies: (1) enhancing the capabilities of the public sector, (2) improving the performance of implementing agencies, (3) strengthening the capabilities and performance of frontline workers, (3) empowering communities and individuals, and (4) supporting multiple stakeholders engaged in improving health. Finally, specific considerations related to intersectoral action are considered. Large-scale fortification of condiments and seasonings cannot be a standalone strategy and needs to be implemented with concurrent and coordinated public health strategies, which should be informed by a health equity lens.

show abstract

Association of Socioeconomic Status with Iodine Supply and Thyroid Disorders in Northeast Germany

Cited by 34 publications

References 34 publications

Factors affecting sustainable iodine deficiency elimination in Pakistan: A global perspective

Factors affecting sustainable iodine deficiency elimination in Pakistan: A global perspective

Iodine Nutritional Status in Schoolchildren from Public Schools in Brazil: A Cross-Sectional Study Exposes Association with Socioeconomic Factors and Food Insecurity

Large‐scale fortification of condiments and seasonings as a public health strategy: equity considerations for implementation

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About