Association of smartphone overuse with depression, anxiety, and other addictive behaviors: A nationwide community sample of Korean adults

Jo, Soobin; Baek, In Chul; Fava, Maurizio; Mischoulon, David; Hong, Jin Pyo; Kim, Hyewon; Park, Mi Jin; Kim, Young Ho; Jeon, Hong Jin

doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2021.114133

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…It has been well demonstrated that overuse of smartphone or smartphone addiction is signi cantly related to depression among university students[16-18] and adults [19], which is consistent with the results of present study. The accurate mechanisms remained unclear, whereas the prolonged sedentary time might play an important role in the relationship between smartphone overuse and depression.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Influence of electronic screen exposure on depression among women in early pregnancy: A cross-sectional study

Yang

Wang

Zhang³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Background: Previous studies indicated that excessive engagement in digital devices could lead to negative psychological impacts in general population. The present study aimed to determine the effects of electronic screen exposure on depression among women in early pregnancy. Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted from June 2021 to June 2022. A total of 665 women in early pregnancy were recruited and the information included socio-demographic characteristics, screen exposure and Patient Health Questionnaire -9 depression scale. Results: Among the women in early pregnancy, the total daily smartphone viewing time was the longest (median [P25-P75], 5 [3-6] hours/day) in the three types of electronic screen exposure. The total daily smartphone viewing time (Z=-2.239, P=0.025), smartphone (Z=-2.494, P=0.013) and television viewing time (Z=-2.640, P=0.008) before nocturnal sleep were significantly associated with depression among women in early pregnancy. The thresholds calculated by receiver operator characteristic curves were 7.5 hours/day, 1.5 hours/day and 1.5 hours/day, respectively. In addition, women with higher scores of smartphone addiction were more susceptible to depression (Z=-6.201, P＜0.001). The top three smartphone usages in women with depression were watching videos (22.0%), listening to music (20.9%) and playing games (16.7%). Conclusions:In conclusion, electronic screen exposure, including screen viewing time, smartphone addiction and problematic smartphone use was associated with depression among women in early pregnancy. Further studies are warranted to verify the conclusions.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Influence of electronic screen exposure on depression among women in early pregnancy: A cross-sectional study

Yang

Wang

Zhang³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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“…As indicated in the literature, individuals who excessively use smartphones tend to display higher levels of depression, whereas a more appropriate usage is associated with lower levels of depression, anxiety, and stress [26,29]. This suggests a notable relation between smartphone use and mental well-being [39,40].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Perceived Health and Nomophobia among Young Adults: The Mediating Role of Depression and Stress

Notara,

Vagka,

Lagiou

et al. 2023

Sustainability

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Nomophobia refers to the contemporary fear of being unable to communicate sufficiently via a smartphone. As reported in the literature, nomophobia leads to excessive smartphone use, and one of the crucial issues of this overuse is its effect on physical and mental health. The current study aimed to investigate the association between perceived health assessments and nomophobia among young adult smartphone users through the mediating role of depression and stress. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 1408 young adults aged 18–25 in Athens, the capital city of Greece. Data were collected through a self-reported questionnaire and included information on sociodemographic characteristics, patterns of smartphone use, self-perceived health status, and depressive and stress symptoms. Nomophobia was assessed using the “Nomophobia Questionnaire (NMP-Q)”. The effect of nomophobia on perceived health was analyzed by taking into account its effect on depression and stress. The results indicate a positive significant association between nomophobia and overall health burdening (i.e., musculoskeletal, hearing/vision, and psychosomatic symptoms). Depression and stress seem to play a significant mediating role in this association. Raising awareness through health-promoting interventions could play a pivotal role in eliminating the phenomenon of nomophobia and its consequences.

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“…Furthermore, although we did not assess smartphone addiction/overuse and other health condition, the impact of smartphone overuse transcends physical health, correlating with a range of mental health conditions, including depression and anxiety. A study of Korean adults found that smartphone overuse was significantly associated with depression, anxiety disorder, alcohol dependence and nicotine dependence [26]. A previous systematic review of smartphone addiction and health problems in adults also concluded that addition was associated with depression and anxiety disorder, and adverse physical health outcomes such as pain [27].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Smartphone Overuse and Neck Pain: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Over 10,000 individuals. (Preprint)

Chen,

Hu,

et al. 2024

Preprint

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BACKGROUND Smartphone overuse is associated with both psychological and physical health problems, including depression and musculoskeletal disorders. However, the association between smartphone overuse and neck pain remains unclear. OBJECTIVE We performed a meta-analysis to examine the relation between smartphone overuse and neck pain, and to identify high-risk usage patterns. METHODS PubMed, Embase and Cochrane CENTRAL databases were searched for relevant studies published up to August 16, 2023, using keywords including "smartphone" and "neck pain". Prospective, retrospective, and case-controlled studies assessing the correlation between smartphone overuse and neck pain were eligible. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) was used to assess the quality of the included studies. Meta-regression and sensitivity analysis using the leave-one-out approach were performed to test the robustness of the results. RESULTS Seven retrospective studies including 10,715 participants were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis. The mean age of the participants ranged from 19.9 to 42.9 years. The meta-analysis revealed that compared to participants without smartphone overuse, those who overused a smartphone had a significantly higher risk of neck pain (pooled adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 2.34, 95% CI: 1.44-3.82). A significant correlation between increasing age and higher ORs for neck pain was found (coefficient = 0.051, P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS These results indicate a significant association between smartphone overuse and increased risk of neck pain, with risk escalating with age. Our findings underscore the necessity of addressing smartphone overuse as a health concern, especially considering its growing prevalence in modern society.

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Association of smartphone overuse with depression, anxiety, and other addictive behaviors: A nationwide community sample of Korean adults

Cited by 13 publications

References 13 publications

Influence of electronic screen exposure on depression among women in early pregnancy: A cross-sectional study

Influence of electronic screen exposure on depression among women in early pregnancy: A cross-sectional study

Perceived Health and Nomophobia among Young Adults: The Mediating Role of Depression and Stress

Association of Smartphone Overuse and Neck Pain: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Over 10,000 individuals. (Preprint)

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