Association of sleep duration and sleep quality with the risk of metabolic syndrome in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract

Introduction:The association between sleep duration and metabolic syndrome (MetS) remains controversial, and few have considered the effects of sleep quality. We performed a meta-analysis to clarify the relationship of sleep duration and sleep quality with the risk of MetS. Material and methods: We conducted a systematic and comprehensive literature search of electronic databases from inception to 17 February 2022. The effect sizes of covariates from each study were pooled using a random or fixed model, and a restricted cubic spline random-effects meta-analysis was performed to examine the dose-response relationship between sleep duration and MetS. Results: A total of 62 studies were included in this meta-analysis. Compared to normal sleep duration, short sleep duration [odds ratio (OR) = 1.14, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.10-1.19] and long sleep duration (OR = 1.15, 95% CI: 1.09-1.23) were associated with an increased risk of MetS. The restricted cubic spline analysis indicated that sleep durations of 8.5 h (OR = 0.95, 95% CI: 0.92-0.97) and 11 h (OR = 1.58, 95% CI: 1.31-1.91) were significantly associated with the risk of MetS. The pooled results showed that poor sleep quality (OR = 1.46, 95% CI: 1.03-2.06) and sleep complaints had significant positive associations with MetS. Conclusion: Our results demonstrated that short sleep duration increased the risk of developing MetS. Long sleep duration was also associated with MetS, especially for 11 h. 8.5 h can be considered the recommended sleep duration for MetS. Poor sleep quality and sleep complaints were also associated with MetS.

Combined Influence of Eight Lifestyle Factors on Metabolic Syndrome Incidence: A Prospective Cohort Study from the MECH-HK Study

“…Earlier investigations have also indicated an association between extended sleep durations and elevated concentrations of total cholesterol, and an increased total/HDL cholesterol ratio, which might be linked to the occurrence of highly fragmented sleep [ 55 ]. Additionally, individuals with both insufficient and excessive sleep are more likely to engage in MetS-risk behaviors, such as smoking, physical inactivity, excessive alcohol intake, and low intake of fruits and vegetables [ 8 , 54 , 56 ].…”

Phase-shifting the circadian glucocorticoid profile induces disordered feeding behaviour by dysregulating hypothalamic neuropeptide gene expression

“…In conclusion, a normal circadian profile of CORT secretion is essential for appropriate timing of food intake. This has significant implications for human physiology in situations of shift work, jet lag, and chronic sleep disturbance; all of which have been found to be associated with adverse metabolic effects 61 – 63 . Our data contribute to an improved understanding of the mechanisms underlying these metabolic effects and should help provide a framework for a rational approach for prevention of these disorders and for developing improved therapeutics.…”