Association of sleep disorders with subfoveal choroidal thickness in preschool children

Abstract

Objective To explore the association between sleep disorders and subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT) in preschool children. Methods In this population-based cross-sectional study, children aged 60–72 months were measured for SFCT using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and for sleep disorders using the Chinese version of Children’s Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ). Multiple linear regression analyses were performed to assess the association between sleep disorders and SFCT. Results A total of 1337 children (mean (SD) age: 66.88 (3.41) months) were included in the analyses. In multivariable linear analysis, a higher total CSHQ score (indicating higher likelihood of sleep disorders) was associated with a thinner subfoveal choroid (beta, −0.070; 95% CI, −0.141 to −0.001; P = 0.046). When each of eight CSHQ subscale scores was analysed by the multivariable model, only the Daytime Sleepiness subscale score was negatively associated with the SFCT (beta, −0.115; 95% CI, −0.183 to −0.046; P = 0.001). The children with clinically significant daytime sleepiness (n = 364, 27.2%) had significantly thinner subfoveal choroid than other children (295.47 vs. 308.52 μm, P = 0.007). Conclusions Only daytime sleepiness was significantly associated with SFCT in preschool children in this study. The potential relationship between sleep disorders during childhood and children’s ocular development needs further research.

Prediction of premyopia and myopia in Chinese preschool children: a longitudinal cohort

“…A comprehensive questionnaire was self-administered by legal guardians at baseline, including parental myopia, outdoor time and near activities time [ 21 , 22 ].…”

Sleep Patterns and Myopia Among School-Aged Children in Singapore

“…The Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ) (parentreported) was administered for the first time at the 8-year visit in the GUSTO birth cohort. The CSHQ has been widely used to assess sleep patterns and to screen for sleep problems in children aged 4-10 years across various ethnic groups (34)(35)(36). Validation studies for the CSHQ have been conducted in community samples across multiple countries [including the United States of America (34,37), China (38), Portugal (39), Germany (40), and Italy (41)], with adequate full-scale internal consistency (given by Cronbach's alpha) ranging between 0.68 and 0.82.…”

Long-term follow-up of changes in ocular biometric parameters in orthokeratology lens wearers with relatively large-scale axial length reduction

“…In our study, the one-year AL value was reduced by 0.18 ± 0.06 mm in the AL reduction group, which was greater than 0.04 ± 0.12 mm as reported by Zhao et al [ 27 ] and 0.03 ± 0.13 mm as reported by Cho et al [ 11 ]. Additionally, 16.22% of the subjects had a reduction of AL of more than 0.25 mm after wearing the Ortho-K lenses even though the choroidal thickness was approximately 0.30 mm [ 29 , 30 ] and the choroidal thickness change was only approximately 20 µm [ 21 ]; hence, it is difficult to explain this phenomenon by choroidal thickness change alone. In addition, the aforementioned studies measured short-term AL changes from baseline; therefore, the response may be a short-term choroidal response to Ortho-K lens treatment rather than a true AL change, and AL reduction in these patients could have led to overestimation of the effect of Ortho-K lens treatment on myopia control.…”