Association of single nucleotide polymorphisms of APOBEC3G with susceptibility to HIV-1 infection and disease progression among men engaging in homosexual activity in northern China

Abstract

Men who have sex with men (MSM) are at high risk of HIV infection. The APOBEC3G (apolipoprotein B mRNA editing catalytic polypeptide 3G) protein is a component of innate antiviral immunity that inhibits HIV-1 replication. In the present study, a total of 483 HIV-1 seropositive men and 493 HIV-1 seronegative men were selected to investigate the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the APOBEC3G gene and susceptibility to HIV-1 infection and AIDS progression among MSM residing in northern China. Genotyping of four SNPs (rs5757465, rs3736685, rs8177832, and rs2899313) of the APOBEC3G was performed using the SNPscan™ Kit, while the rs2294367 polymorphism was genotyped using the SNaPshot multiplex system. Our results disclosed no association between the SNPs of APOBEC3G and susceptibility to HIV-1, or effects of these polymorphisms on the CD4 T cell count or clinical phase of disease. A meta-analysis of 1624 men with HIV-1 infection and 1523 controls suggested that the association between rs8177832 and susceptibility was not significant. However, we observed a trend towards association with HIV-1 infection for haplotype TTACA (p = 0.082). The potential role of variants of APOBEC3G in HIV-1/AIDS warrants further investigation.

Type I interferon and HIV: Subtle balance between antiviral activity, immunopathogenesis and the microbiome

“…IFNα, IFNβ, IFNκ, IFNε, IFNω) or "pseudo"-genes (13 different IFNα subtypes), numerous type I IFN signaling pathway components and ISGs [16]. However, several studies have pointed out the importance of SNP related to the type I IFN pathways on the clinical outcome of HIV-1 disease [103][104][105][106][107][108][109][110][111][112][113][114][115][116][117]. Rapid progression of HIV-1 infection, altered viral load and CD4T cell count were associated with TLR9 polymorphisms [103][104][105].…”

“…Several studies have reported controversial results on the influence of retroviral restriction factor SNPs (e.g. APOBEC3, SAMHD1, and BST2) on HIV-1 disease status [110][111][112][113][114][115][116][117]. Although the clinical relevance of these genetic variants during HIV-1 infection has been emphasized, their biological significance has seldom been examined [45,118].…”

The CCR5-Delta32 genetic polymorphism and HIV-1 infection susceptibility: a meta-analysis

“…It was estimated that about 36.7 (34.0-39.8) million people were living with HIV in 2016, and 1.8 million people have died from HIV/AIDS every year. Therefore, HIV prevalence can be considered as the greatest issue in contemporary society, including economic and health crisis [ 1 ]. However, many basic questions about the HIV-1 infection pathogenesis have not been answered.…”