“…As briefly noted in the Introduction, SHANK3 alterations are risk factors for several neuropsychiatric diseases. Various lines of genetically modified mice and, more recently, rats and macaques have been generated to understand the underlying pathogenic cellular, molecular, and neurocircuitry mechanisms ( Bozdagi et al, 2010 ; Peça et al, 2011 ; Wang et al, 2011 ; Kouser et al, 2013 ; Lee et al, 2015 ; Jaramillo et al, 2016 ; Wang et al, 2016 , 2017 ; Copping et al, 2017 ; Dhamne et al, 2017 ; Vicidomini et al, 2017 ; Drapeau et al, 2018 ; Kabitzke et al, 2018 ; Yoo et al, 2018 ; Guo et al, 2019 ; Zhou et al, 2019 ; Wan et al, 2021 ). These animal models display many neurobehavioral phenotypes ruminant to human symptoms in neuropsychiatric disorders, such as repetitive/compulsive behavior, abnormal social communication and interaction, impaired learning and memory, reduced locomotion activity, and increased anxiety-like behavior.…”