Association of serum leptin levels and pulmonary tuberculosis: a meta-analysis

Ye, Mao; Bian, L

doi:10.21037/jtd.2018.01.70

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Leptin-deficient mice and mice rendered leptin-deficient by fasting exhibit impaired pulmonary bacterial clearance (Table 1 ) and enhanced lethality during pulmonary tuberculosis, bacterial pneumonia, and sepsis ( 30 – 32 ). The patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) have decreased serum leptin levels, and an increase in adiponectin may serve as a reliable biomarker for predicting the development and progression of PTB pathogenesis ( 111 , 145 , 146 ). Mycobacterium infection in ob/ob mice was hampered to produce organized granulomatous response and defective in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells functions, IFN-γ and DTH responses ( 30 ).…”

Section: Leptin and Bacterial Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leptin Functions in Infectious Diseases

et al. 2018

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Leptin, a pleiotropic protein has long been recognized to play an important role in the regulation of energy homeostasis, metabolism, neuroendocrine function, and other physiological functions through its effects on the central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral tissues. Leptin is secreted by adipose tissue and encoded by the obese (ob) gene. Leptin acts as a central mediator which regulates immunity as well as nutrition. Importantly, leptin can modulate both innate and adaptive immune responses. Leptin deficiency/resistance is associated with dysregulation of cytokine production, increased susceptibility toward infectious diseases, autoimmune disorders, malnutrition and inflammatory responses. Malnutrition induces a state of immunodeficiency and an inclination to death from communicable diseases. Infectious diseases are the disease of poor who invariably suffer from malnutrition that could result from reduced serum leptin levels. Thus, leptin has been placed at the center of many interrelated functions in various pathogenic conditions, such as bacterial, viruses and parasitic infections. We review herein, the recent advances on the role of leptin in malnutrition in pathogenesis of infectious diseases with a particular emphasis on parasitic diseases such as Leishmaniasis, Trypanosomiasis, Amoebiasis, and Malaria.

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Section: Leptin and Bacterial Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leptin Functions in Infectious Diseases

et al. 2018

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“…Falling leptin concentrations appeared to be responsible for reduced T-cell function during starvation (24). A recent meta-analysis of twelve case-control studies found serum leptin levels of healthy controls were markedly higher than those of pulmonary tuberculosis patients (25), and after treatment of TB plasma leptin levels were observed to increase (26). However, the correlation between leptin and VD in TB patients has not been reported until now.…”

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confidence: 98%

Poor Vitamin D Status in Active Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients and Its Correlation with Leptin and TNF-α

Wang

Gao

et al. 2019

J Nutr Sci Vitaminol

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Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) is common in tuberculosis (TB) and may be implicated in the etiology of the disease and in its clinical course. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between leptin, inflammatory markers and VD status in TB patients, stratified for presence or absence of diabetes mellitus (DM). Two hundred ninety-nine TB patients were recruited from October 2015 to August 2016. Also, 91 normal controls were included. The information including socio-demographics, dietary intake and living habits was obtained by face-to-face interview. Serum concentrations of leptin and TNF-a, CRP and IL-6 were compared between TB patients with and without severe VDD (SVDD). Pearson's correlation was used to analyze the association between TNF-a, leptin and 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D). A significantly higher prevalence of VDD and SVDD was observed in TB patients compared with normal controls (93.0% vs 70.3%, 65.9% vs 3.3% respectively). Concentration of leptin was significantly lower, while TNF-a higher in TB patients with SVDD compared to those without (p,0.05). After adjustment for confounders, leptin was positively associated with 25(OH)D (r50.210, p50.002) with similar correlation in TB patients with DM (r50.240, p50.020). A negative association between TNF-a and 25(OH)D was observed (r520.197, p50.003), which was significant only in the subgroup without DM (r520.304, p50.001). Our findings indicate that a higher VD status in TB patients may be related to higher immune activity and less serious tissue damage, and that this relation is different according to presence or absence of DM co-morbidity.

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“…The thousand faces of leptin thus make it difficult to target, as it acts as a rheostat, depending on the trigger, ranging from a protective cytokine-like hormone to a harmful molecule (Table 1). 11,23,28,37,40,42,[46][47][48]59,61,66,75,79,82,85 Under physiological conditions, leptin clearly appears to control lung development and maturation at the fetal stage, as well as normal lung homeostasis, from lung ventilation to the bronchial diameter following birth and throughout adulthood. In lung infections, leptin appears to act as a protective cytokine.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the contrary, another more recent study found a significant association between higher plasma leptin levels and a higher risk of respiratory infections of greater severity in a cohort of ambulatory patients, independent of BMI and other established risk factors. 47 In TB, studies have shown that leptin levels are lower in patients with TB than in control subjects 48 and that thin subjects are more susceptible to develop active TB, whereas obesity is associated with a lower risk of pulmonary TB. 49 Thus, a decrease in the production of leptin during active TB may be a factor in the severity of the disease, especially in thin patients.…”

Section: Leptin and Physiological Respiratory Functionsmentioning

confidence: 99%