Association of serum Cyr61 levels with peripheral arterial disease in subjects with type 2 diabetes

Abstract

Background The prevalence of peripheral artery disease (PAD) is obviously increased in patients with diabetes. Existing evidence shows that cysteine-rich angiogenic inducer 61 (Cyr61), a 40-kD secreted protein, plays important roles in regulating cellular physiological processes. Recent studies have demonstrated a significant correlation between serum Cyr61 and atherosclerosis. However, the relationship between Cyr61 levels and PAD in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) remains obscure. Methods Data from a total of 306 subjects with T2DM were cross-sectionally analysed. The extent of PAD was determined by using the Fontaine classification, which defines four stages. We measured serum Cyr61 concentrations by ELISA in subjects with and without PAD at Fontaine’s stage II, III, or IV. Logistic regression models were used to examine the independent association of Cyr61 with PAD. Results Out of the 306 subjects enrolled, 150 were free from PAD, while 156 had clinically significant PAD. In subjects with PAD, the prevalences of Fontaine classification stages II, III and IV were 48.7%, 32.1%, and 19.2%, respectively. Patients with more advanced PAD had significantly higher Cyr61 (P for trend < 0.001). The prevalence of PAD on the basis of severity increased with increasing Cyr61 quartiles (all P values for trends < 0.001), and the severity of PAD was positively correlated with Cyr61 quartiles (r = 0.227, P = 0.006). The association of Cyr61 levels with PAD remained after adjusting for major risk factors in a logistic regression analysis. Conclusions Our results demonstrated that Cyr61 was significantly increased in PAD patients with T2DM and that Cyr61 levels were positively associated with disease severity. Cyr61 could be a promising biomarker and further studies are needed to assess its clinical utility.

Cellular communication network factor 1 promotes retinal leakage in diabetic retinopathy via inducing neutrophil stasis and neutrophil extracellular traps extrusion

“…Our data demonstrated a noteworthy correlation between CCN1 and the duration of diabetes, in keeping with findings from the study by Bin Feng et al [ 60 ] and Zhao-Yu Xiang et al [ 61 ]. Notably, we have provided new and compelling evidence, showcasing elevated levels of circulating CCN1 in DR patients presenting with hard exudates.…”

Diagnostic value of using exosome‑derived cysteine‑rich protein 61 as biomarkers for acute coronary syndrome

“…The present study found that the levels of exosomal Cyr61 were significantly associated with sex, family history of ACS and glucose levels in patients with ACS. Similar patterns were also observed in a study by Feng et al (34), in which Cyr61 was significantly associated with the risk of peripheral artery disease in both the crude and adjusted models, including age, sex, diabetes duration, fasting glucose and hypertension. In addition, a previous study has demonstrated that serum Cyr61 levels were positively correlated with CRP levels in coronary artery disease (23).…”

Diabetes Promotes Retinal Vascular Endothelial Cell Injury by Inducing CCN1 Expression

“…Previous reports have shown that CCN1 expression is increased in the retinas from mice with DM and from patients with DR, as well as in the vitreous humor of patients with PDR ( 15 , 16 , 44 ). Furthermore, circulating CCN1 levels are significantly correlated with the severity of peripheral arterial disease in diabetic patients ( 45 ). Other studies have shown that CCN1 regulates VEGF signaling during DR progression ( 17 , 45 ).…”

“…Furthermore, circulating CCN1 levels are significantly correlated with the severity of peripheral arterial disease in diabetic patients ( 45 ). Other studies have shown that CCN1 regulates VEGF signaling during DR progression ( 17 , 45 ). Those studies suggest a possible role of CCN1 in the pathogenesis of DR.…”