Association of RFLP markers with trait loci affecting clubroot resistance and morphological characters in Brassica oleracea L.

Figdore, Scott S.; Ferreira, M. E.; Slocum, Mary K.; Williams, Paul H.

doi:10.1007/bf00021723

Cited by 77 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The Brassica probes tested would be suitable for characterizing the addition and trisomic lines developed from the current material CHENG et al 1993CHENG et al , 1994aCHENG et al ,b, 1995a. Various Brassica probes have been used in the analysis of B. campestris-alboglabra addition lines or segregating F, populations, which has yielded a number of linkage maps for B. oleracea (SLOCUM et al 1990;HU and QUIROS 1991;LANDRY et al 1992;KIANIAN and QUIROS 1992b;FIGDORE et al 1993;KENNARD et al 1994;TEUTONICO and OSBORN 1994) and for B. campestris (SONG et al 1991;CHYI et al 1992;TEUTONICO and OSBORN 1994). The combination of RFLP markers with isozyme and morphological traits has been instrumental in constructing linkage maps for B. campestris and B. oleracea (HOSAKA et al 1990;QUIROS 1990, 1991a;KIANIAN and QUIROS 1992b).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of the A and C Genomes of Brassica Campestrisand B. Alboglabra

Heneen¹,

Chen²,

Cheng³

et al. 2004

Hereditas

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Meiosis was studied in pollen mother cells of two Brassica cumpestris (AA) and one B. alboglabru (CC) accessions, their resynthesized B. napus amphidiploids (AACC), and digenomic hybrids produced (AAC). The two parental species exhibited different chromatin condensation patterns at diakinesis, which enabled the differentiation between genomes and the detection of auto-and allosyndesis in the amphidiploids and digenomic hybrids. Corresponding chromatin condensation differences were manifested at mitotic prometaphase. The diploid accessions were characterized as to glucosinolate composition, restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP), random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD), and isozyme patterns. All 20 RFLP probes and 9 RAPD primers tested gave discriminatory bands for the A and C genomes. For isozymes, 14 out of 17 analysed loci had alleles that discriminated between these genomes. In addition to the already established locations of flower colour, erucic acid content, and leucine aminopeptidase enzyme genes in the C genome, other genome-specific isozyme and DNA-based markers amounted to 89 and 112 in the two B. campestris accessions and 135 in the B. alboglabra accession. Sinigrin synthesis is an additional character controlled by the C genome, The combination of different marker systems and cytological techniques for the characterization of the A and C genomes and their constituent chromosomes has obvious implications for plant breeding, assessment of gene introgression in nature, and evolutionary studies. W.K. Heneen, Department of Plant Breeding Research, The Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, S-268 31 Svalov, SwedenThe genus Brassica comprises a large number of crops that serve as sources of oilseed, and as vegetables and fodder. In economic terms, the diploid species B. campestris L. (2n = 20, genome AA) and B. oleracea L. (2n = 18, CC) and their amphidiploid B. napus L. (2n = 38, AACC) are globally the most important. An understanding of the organization of the A and C genomes at the chromosomal and molecular levels in the diploids and the amphidiploid is fundamental for phylogenetic studies, manipulation in plant breeding, and the assessment of interspecific gene introgression in nature.Characterization of the A and C genomes and their relations to other genomes in Brassica and related genera has been the subject of many detailed studies that were primarily based on cytological, biochemical, or molecular analysis. Beginning with the classical work of U (1935), hybridization and cytogenetical analysis have elucidated the close relatedness of the A and C genomes, their intraand intergenome chromosome homoeologies, and their apparent secondary polyploid origin ( H A R - BERD and MCARTHUR 1980;INOMATA 1980;PRAKASH and HINATA 1980; ARMSTRONG and CIECHOWSKI 1985; ATTIA and R~BBELEN 1986a,b; ATTIA et al. 1987;TAI and IKONEN 1988;CHOPRA and PRAKASH 1991;CHENG et al. 1994b). Recently it has been possible to characterize the different chromosomes in the A and C genomes through the use of banding t...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of the A and C Genomes of Brassica Campestrisand B. Alboglabra

Heneen¹,

Chen²,

Cheng³

et al. 2004

Hereditas

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“…Mapping studies using molecular markers also revealed polygenic nature of the CR trait in B. oleracea (Landry et al 1992, Figdore et al 1993, Grandclément and Thomas 1996, Voorrips et al 1997, Moriguchi et al 1999, Rocherieux et al 2004, Nomura et al 2005. However, these studies showed the presence of a CR gene having large effect in this species.…”

Section: B Oleraceamentioning

confidence: 98%

Genetic Analysis of Clubroot Resistance in Brassica Crops

Hirai

2006

Breed. Sci.

109

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Clubroot disease is caused by an obligate parasite, Plasmodiophora brassicae, and is one of the most serious diseases of Brassica crops worldwide. The pathogen is a eukaryote, and is a member of Plasmodiophorales. Recent phylogenic studies did not reveal its close relationship to fungi, but suggest a classification in Protozoa or Protoctista. The infection is thought to occur through two phases. The pathogen induces massive clubs on root, and prevents host growth. A number of clubroot resistance (CR) Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa) cultivars have been bred using European turnips as sources of CR genes. Field populations of the pathogen have a wide variation of virulence, which causes the infection of CR Chinese cabbage cultivars. The CR gene of B. rapa is extensively studied with the aid of molecular markers. At least four independent loci are identified and mapped. They are all derived from European turnips. Crr1, and Crr2 are derived from Siloga and mapped in linkage groups R8 and R6, respectively. Crr3 from Milan White, and CRb from Gelria R are both mapped in R3. The molecular markers linked to Crr1, Crr2 and CRb showed homology to the central part of the long arm of chromosome 4 of Arabidopsis thaliana. These findings suggest that these CR genes are derived from the same region of the ancestral genome. In contrast, Crr3 is thought to have different origin, since its linkage markers showed homology to chromosome 3 of A. thaliana. Although another CR gene CRa is reported, the relationship between above mentioned four CR loci and CRa is not yet clarified. Genetic studies on CR genes in B. oleracea revealed a polygenic nature of the trait in this species and also suggest the presence of one CR gene having large effect. However, correspondence among the CR genes reported in these studies is not clarified because of the lack of information on base sequence of the linkage markers in this species. Strategies for breeding of more resistant Chinese cabbage cultivars to overcome the variation on virulence of field populations of the pathogen are presented.

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“…Although there are some commercial clubroot-resistant (CR) canola and cabbage cultivars available, this resistance is associated with single dominant CR genes [11], as reported in Chinese cabbage [12] and oilseed rape [13], and leads to rapid breakdown. Two resistance genes have been isolated from Chinese cabbage ( Brassica rapa), CRa and Crr1 [14,15], while genetic mapping and identification of clubroot resistance has been also achieved in Brassica oleracea [16–19]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Plasmodiophora brassicae effectors — A challenging goal

et al. 2018

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Clubroot is an economically important disease affecting Brassica plants worldwide. Plasmodiophora brassicae is the protist pathogen associated with the disease, and its soil-borne obligate parasitic nature has impeded studies related to its biology and the mechanisms involved in its infection of the plant host. The identification of effector proteins is key to understanding how the pathogen manipulates the plant’s immune response and the genes involved in resistance. After more than 140 years studying clubroot and P. brassicae, very little is known about the effectors playing key roles in the infection process and subsequent disease progression. Here we analyze the information available for identified effectors and suggest several features of effector genes that can be used in the search for others. Based on the information presented in this review, we propose a comprehensive bioinformatics pipeline for effector identification and provide a list of the bioinformatics tools available for such.

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Association of RFLP markers with trait loci affecting clubroot resistance and morphological characters in Brassica oleracea L.

Cited by 77 publications

References 26 publications

Characterization of the A and C Genomes of Brassica Campestrisand B. Alboglabra

Characterization of the A and C Genomes of Brassica Campestrisand B. Alboglabra

Genetic Analysis of Clubroot Resistance in Brassica Crops

Identification of Plasmodiophora brassicae effectors — A challenging goal

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