Association of retinoblastoma with clinical and histopathological risk factors

Abstract

<p style="text-align:justify;"> <span style="font-size:12px;">A study was conducted to see the association of retinoblastoma with age, bilaterism, Tumor size, site, grades, involvement of anterior chamber, iris, ciliary body, choroid, sclera and optic nerve, and extraocular extension. This was a retrospective descriptive analytical study. The records of the Institute of Ophthalmology, King Edward Medical University/Mayo hospital, Lahore: Pakistan January 2006-Dec 2011 was analyzed. Five years biopsies (June 2006 to June 2012) of the retinoblastoma, from the Pathology department, was retrieved to see optic nerve involvement in all the retrieved specimens. The mean age was 3.54 ± 1.686 years. There were 15 cases of bilateral retinoblastoma and 37 cases with unilateral neoplasms. The age range of bilateral tumors was 2 - 6 years while the range in unilateral tumor was 1 - 10 years male to female ratio was 1:1.5. Among 52 cases, 37 (71.2%) patients were unilateral retinoblastoma and 15 (28.28%) patients were with bilateral disease. On radiological examination of patients suffering from retinoblastoma by B-Scan (Ultrasound), there were 33 (63.5%) cases with exophytic presentation while 18 (34.6%) cases showed endophytic morphology. On clinical examinations, 28 patients presented with proptosis of (it was the most common presenting sign in our patients, accounting for about 53.8% of cases), 20 cases presented with leucocoria eye with strabismus. 29/52 patients showed involvement with optic nerve, 17 were from 1 - 3 years age and 12 were from 4 - 6 years. Statistically there was no difference in the involvement of optic nerve, disc involvement and extra ocular extension with the age of patients (p = 0.217). There was also no statistical difference seen in age and gender for but a strong association was seen with patient’s presentation, symptoms and size of the tumors and anterior chamber, iris, ciliary body, choroid, sclera and optic nerve, and extra ocular extension. We concluded that a positive association was seen with tumor size and tumor extension (optic nerve, and extraocular extension). No Association was seen with age, gender and laterality of the tumors.</span> </p

Retinoblastoma Outcomes in a Tertiary Hospital in Northern Luzon, The Philippines: A 15-Year Experience

“…[22][23][24][25][26] The mean age at consult at 24 AE 17 months in this study is similar to a local study and within the range of those in India (21-30 months) but younger than those in China (26-30 months), Bangladesh (30 months), Indonesia (28 months) and Pakistan (> 36 months). 6,[11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26] The overall mean interval from onset of symptoms to consult of 10 AE 11 months in this study was longer than a local study (6-9 months), India (3-7 months) and China (2-6 months). 6,[14][15][16][17][18][22][23][24][25][26] It was initially assumed that distance was a factor since BGHMC receives patients from towns as far as 250 km.…”

“…This is higher than a local study (16%), Bangladesh (19%), Pakistan (18%), China (14.5%) and India (16%) but lower than Indonesia (53%). 6 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26…”

“…6 In this study, 87% of patients had unilateral retinoblastoma, higher than those reported locally (65-70%), in Bangladesh (63%), in Indonesia (73%), in India (62%), and in Pakistan (62%). 6,[10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22] However, it is similar to China at 86%. [22][23][24][25][26] The mean age at consult at 24 AE 17 months in this study is similar to a local study and within the range of those in India (21-30 months) but younger than those in China (26-30 months), Bangladesh (30 months), Indonesia (28 months) and Pakistan (> 36 months).…”

Histopathological Features of Group E Retinoblastoma Eyes after Upfront Enucleation

“…However, there are very few studies available from Pakistan about high risk features of retinoblastoma afflicted Group E enucleated eyes. 20 The limitation of our study was the limited number of cases studied. To establish a consensus, we need further multi-centre studies with larger sample size, which may offer a better understanding and better insight about histopathological trends of retinoblastoma in Pakistan.…”

Knockdown of lncRNA NEAT1 expression inhibits cell migration, invasion and EMT by regulating the miR‑24‑3p/LRG1 axis in retinoblastoma cells

“…Retinoblastoma (RB) is an aggressive eye cancer that occurs during retinal development in childhood, and it accounts for 2-4% of all childhood malignancies ( 1 , 2 ). Moreover, the occurrence of RB is a very complicated process and it can be present in a single eye or both eyes ( 3 , 4 ). Although the treatment methods have improved over the past few years, the mortality remains at ~70% in low- and middle-income countries ( 5 ).…”