Association of Previous Hospitalization for Heart Failure With Increased Mortality in Patients Hospitalized for Acute Decompensated Heart Failure

Abstract

from the late 1990 s to the early 2000 s illustrated the impact of previous hospitalization on long-term mortality in patients hospitalized for HF in Western countries. 4-6 Rapid relief of symptoms, however, could be achieved once volume overload and/or excessive afterload were managed successfully in the acute decompensated phase. In addition, the recent advances in the management of HF and optimal A cute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) might be recognized as a "multi-event disease" with a high morbidity, mortality, and social burden. 1,2 The natural history of heart failure (HF) included multiple occurrences of decompensated failure both symptomatically and hemodynamically, finally leading to death. 3 Observational studies or subanalyses in randomized trial settings

C-reactive protein at discharge and 1-year mortality in hospitalised patients with acute decompensated heart failure: an observational study

“…We constructed multivariable Cox proportional hazard models to estimate the risk of the high CRP group relative to the low CRP group, with the results expressed as the HRs and 95% CIs. We included the following 25 clinically relevant risk-adjusting variables into the model: demographical variables (age ≥80 years, sex and body mass index (BMI) ≤22 kg/m 2 ), variables related to heart failure (previous heart failure hospitalisation and LVEF <40% by echocardiography), variables related to comorbidities (atrial fibrillation or flutter, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, previous myocardial infarction, previous stroke, current smoking and chronic lung disease), living status (living alone and ambulatory), vital signs at presentation (systolic blood pressure <90 mm Hg and heart rate <60 bpm), laboratory tests on admission (estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <30 mL/min/1.73 m 2 , albumin <3.0 g/dL, sodium <135 mEq/L and anaemia) and medications at discharge (ACE inhibitors (ACEIs) or angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs), β-blockers, loop diuretics and tolvaptan) consistent with the previous reports, [18][19][20] and history of malignancy as an additional variable into the model, as indicated in table 1. The continuous variables were dichotomised by clinically meaningful reference values or median values.…”

Association with Controlling Nutritional Status (CONUT) Score and In-hospital Mortality and Infection in Acute Heart Failure

“…We collected data on patient demographics, medical history, underlying heart disease, pre-hospital activities, socioeconomic status, signs, symptoms, medications, laboratory tests at hospital presentation, electrocardiogram, echocardiography, and clinical events during the index hospitalization 9,17,18 .…”

“…We set the occurrence of new infection or infection that became obvious after hospitalization as one of the secondary outcomes. The causes of death were classified according to the VARC (Valve Academic Research Consortium) definitions 20 , and were adjudicated by a clinical event committee 9,15,17,18 .…”

“…Low (N = 1568, 63.5% Length of hospital stay 15 [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23] 18 [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29] <0.0001 Table 1. Patient Characteristics of the Study Population.…”

Risk factors and clinical outcomes of functional decline during hospitalisation in very old patients with acute decompensated heart failure: an observational study

“…The details of the KCHF study design and patient enrolment are described elsewhere 8–11. Briefly, we enrolled all patients with ADHF, as defined by the modified Framingham criteria, who were admitted to the participating hospitals and patients who underwent heart failure-specific treatment involving intravenous drugs within 24 hours after hospital presentation.…”