Association of Pigment Epithelium Derived Factor With von Willebrand Factor and Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes

Abstract

To compare circulating pigment epithelium derived factor (PEDF) levels in type 2 diabetes patients (T2D) with and without metabolic syndrome (MetS+/-) to healthy controls and assess PEDF association with plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) and von Willebrand factor (vWF) as markers of endothelial dysfunction. Fifty T2D individuals and forty healthy controls were included. PEDF, PAI-1, vWF, anthropological parameters, lipids, and markers of insulin resistance were investigated in all subjects. Compared to controls only MetS+ diabetics had higher PEDF levels [14.2 (10.2-16.0) mg/l vs. 11.1 (8.6-14.4) mg/l; p<0.05]. PEDF significantly correlated: positively with body mass index (ρ=0.25), smoking (ρ=0.21), C-reactive protein (ρ=0.22), triglycerides (ρ=0.38), non-HDL-cholesterol (ρ=0.39), apolipoprotein B (ρ=0.38), fasting glucose (ρ=0.22), glycated hemoglobin (ρ=0.24), C-peptide (ρ=0.28), insulin (ρ=0.26); and negatively with HDL-cholesterol (ρ=-0.42) and apolipoprotein A1 (ρ=-0.27). Independent association of PEDF with vWF in T2DMetS- subjects was found. Significantly elevated PEDF in T2DMet+ patients and its association with adverse metabolic profile confirmed PEDF as a marker of insulin resistance. Negative independent association of PEDF with vWF in T2DMetS- patients may reveal its angio-protective role.

Therapeutic effect of sodium‑glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor and benazepril on diabetic nephropathic rats

“…Given the communication between GENs and mesangial cells in diabetes, ET-1 binding to ETAR in mesangial cells promoted the RhoA/ROCK pathway, thereby accelerating mesangial cell proliferation and ECM accumulation (25). Studies have shown that vascular endothelial injury plays an important role in the development of DN (26). Von Willebrand factor (vWF) is a glycoprotein that plays an important role in platelet formation.…”

Hypertriglyceridemic Waist in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: Its Relationship to Selected Markers of Vascular Damage

“…In our previous studies, vWF levels were found to be independently related to several adipokines with a potentially adverse impact on the vascular wall. 10,31 These observations may indirectly point on an action by which visceral adiposity exerts its influence on the endothelium (i.e., by production of adipokines with negative vascular effects).…”

Crucial Regulatory Role of Organokines in Relation to Metabolic Changes in Non-Diabetic Obesity

“…On the other hand, higher circulating PEDF was also associated with adiposity, with the degree of insulin resistance, as well as with obesity [ 56 , 57 ]. In a Czech study, significantly higher PEDF was found in type 2 diabetic patients with metabolic syndrome; and the von Willebrand factor was independently associated with PEDF in type 2 diabetic patients without metabolic syndrome indicating the potential angio-protective role of PEDF in diabetes [ 58 ]. One may hypothesize that under obesity-induced pathological conditions PEDF expression could be upregulated as a compensatory mechanism.…”