Association of Pediatric Abusive Head Trauma Rates With Macroeconomic Indicators

Wood, Joanne N.; French, Benjamin; Fromkin, Janet; Fakeye, Oludolapo; Scribano, Philip V.; Letson, Megan M.; Makoroff, Kathi L.; Feldman, Kenneth W.; Fabio, Anthony; Berger, Rachel P.

doi:10.1016/j.acap.2015.05.008

Cited by 40 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Our difference-in-difference analyses shows that the implementation of the PFL policy was significantly associated with a decrease in AHT admissions in both children < 1 and < 2 years of age. Specifically, while the comparison states experienced increases in AHT rates during the years known as the Great Recession (an increase others have also observed[16]), California did not.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Paid family leave's effect on hospital admissions for pediatric abusive head trauma

Klevens

Luo

et al. 2016

Inj Prev

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Pediatric abusive head trauma (AHT) is a leading cause of fatal child maltreatment among young children. Current prevention efforts have not been consistently effective. Policies, such as paid parental leave could potentially prevent AHT, given its impacts on risk factors for child maltreatment. To explore associations between California’s 2004 paid family leave (PFL) policy and hospital admissions for AHT, we used difference-in-difference analyses of 1995–2011 US state-level data before and after the policy in California and seven comparison states. Compared to seven states with no PFL policies, California’s 2004 PFL showed a significant decrease of AHT admissions in both < 1 and < 2year-olds. Analyses using additional data years and comparators could yield different results.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Paid family leave's effect on hospital admissions for pediatric abusive head trauma

Klevens

Luo

et al. 2016

Inj Prev

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“…One set relies on emergency room (ER) discharge data (Berger et al 2011; Huang et al 2011; Wood et al 2012, 2015); the other set has relied on data on investigations and substantiations from Child Protective Services (CPS) agencies (Steinberg, Catalano, and Dooley 1981; Seiglie 2004; Ben-Arieh 2010; Millett, Lanier, and Drake 2011; Lindo, Schaller, and Hansen 2013; Nguyen 2013; Frioux et al 2014). The distinction is important as ER data are likely to capture more severe instances of child maltreatment, specifically injuries associated with physical abuse, whereas CPS data measure all types of child maltreatment, regardless of severity (we return to this point below; Widom 1988).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The rate of abusive head trauma (AHT), a leading cause of death due to physical abuse, was significantly higher for children less than 5 years old during the Great Recession, as compared to the period immediately before (Berger et al 2011; Huang et al 2011; Wood et al 2015). Mortgage delinquency rates have also been associated with higher hospital admission rates for physical abuse and traumatic brain injuries among children younger than 1 year (Wood et al 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Local Job Losses and Child Maltreatment: The Importance of Community Context

Schenck‐Fontaine

Gassman‐Pines

Gibson‐Davis

et al. 2017

Social Service Review

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A growing body of literature suggests that economic downturns predict an increase in child maltreatment. However, to inform policies and practices to prevent and intervene in child maltreatment, it is necessary to identify how, when, and under what conditions community-level economic conditions affect child maltreatment. In this study, we use North Carolina administrative data from 2006 to 2011 on child maltreatment reports and job losses to distinguish effects on maltreatment frequency from effects on severity, identify the timing of these effects, and test whether community characteristics moderate these effects. To isolate effects of unanticipated job losses and to control for potential confounding factors, we use a fixed effects regression approach. We find that, though job losses did not affect the frequency of reports, job losses increased the share of reports that were relatively severe. This effect endured for 9 months following job losses and was only evident in economically disadvantaged communities.

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“…The risk of AHT increases in situations with premature birth, congenital birth defect, young maternal age, and socioeconomic and household stress. 3,5,6 Children who suffer abuse often have vague clinical symptoms or a nonspecific clinical history. As a result, a significant proportion of child abuse cases remain undetected and some are first diagnosed at autopsy.…”

Section: Intentional Injury Should Be Considered In All Children Who mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Anesthesiologist’s Role in Treating Abusive Head Trauma

Lee

Brady

Deutsch

2016

Anesthesia &Amp; Analgesia

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Abusive head trauma (AHT) is the most common cause of severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) in infants and the leading cause of child abuse-related deaths. For reasons that remain unclear, mortality rates after moderate AHT rival those of severe non-intentional TBI. The developing brain’s vulnerability to injury may be partially responsible for the poor outcomes observed after AHT. AHT is mechanistically more complex than non-intentional TBI. The acute-on-chronic nature of the trauma along with synergistic injury mechanisms that include rapid rotation of the brain, diffuse axonal injury, blunt force trauma, and hypoxia-ischemia make AHT challenging to treat. The anesthesiologist must understand the complex injury mechanisms inherent to AHT, as well as the pediatric TBI treatment guidelines, in order to decrease the risk of persistent neurologic disability and death. In this review we discuss the epidemiology of AHT, differences between AHT and non-intentional TBI, the severe pediatric TBI treatment guidelines in the context of AHT, anesthetic considerations, as well as ethical and legal reporting requirements.

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Association of Pediatric Abusive Head Trauma Rates With Macroeconomic Indicators

Cited by 40 publications

References 26 publications

Paid family leave's effect on hospital admissions for pediatric abusive head trauma

Paid family leave's effect on hospital admissions for pediatric abusive head trauma

Local Job Losses and Child Maltreatment: The Importance of Community Context

The Anesthesiologist’s Role in Treating Abusive Head Trauma

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