Association of Obesity and Dyslipidaemia with Type 2 Diabetes in Outpatients of Enugu State University Teaching Hospital (ESUTH) in Enugu Nigeria

Engwa, Godwill Azeh; Okolie, Amanda; Nwalo, Friday Nweke; Akaniro-Ejim, Emmanuela N.; Unachukwu, M. N; Ozofor, Micheal Ndidiamaka; Agbafor, K. N.; Ubi, Benjamin Ewa

doi:10.17265/1934-7391/2018.02.003

Cited by 1 publication

(2 citation statements)

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“…This association is a key risk factor to MetS, CVD as well as progression of Type 2 diabetes complication Over half of the patient had elevated TC and LDL-c key indicator of cardiovascular risk factor related to progression of MetS, Type 2 Diabetes and CVD [4,6,8]. Moreover combination of these risk factors complicates the management thus escalating the problem further [4,6,[50][51][52].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Elevated WC as well as high WHR or BMI and dyslipidemia have been associated with abdominal obesity, which is a major cause of insulin resistance; one of the important risk factors of MetS and type diabetes [6,7]. The condition worsens in the presence of elevated blood pressure, one of the major complications in Type 2 Diabetes and key risk to CVD [6,7,50,51].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characteristics of Type 2 Diabetes Patients and Their Association with the Metabolic Syndrome and Cardiovascular Risk Factors at Thika Level Five Hospital in Kenya

Watetu¹,

Beatrice²,

Arnold³

et al. 2019

IJDE

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Type 2 diabetes is a public health problem and one of the most common life threatening conditions globally, due to its related complications that are usually very costly to treat, with increasing number of people being diagnosed with this condition each year. Presence of the metabolic syndrome (MetS) and cardiovascular risks in Type 2 Diabetes patients increases the risk to complications. The objective of this study was to determine characteristics of type 2 diabetes patients and their association with MetS and associated cardiovascular risk. The study employed a cross section design method. Subjects with Type 2 Diabetes were recruited for the study from Thika Level Five Hospital in Kenya. Socio-demographic, clinical and lifestyle data were obtained using questionnaires. The nutrition status was determined by anthropometry. Other laboratory parameters that were determined included total cholesterol (TC), high density cholesterol (HDL-c) and low density cholesterol (LDL-c), triglyceride (TG), fasting blood glucose (FBG), glycated haemoglobin (HbA1C), and blood pressure (BP). Overall 153 (40.5% men and 59.5% women) Type 2 diabetic patients aged 20-79 years were included in the study. The overall mean age of patients was 56.07 years. The prevalence of the metabolic syndrome was 86.3% as per WHO criteria. The MetS components were elevated waist circumference (WC, 90.8%), increased waist hip ratio (WHR, 86.9%), elevated blood pressure (65.7% & 72.5%) and elevated triglycerides (64.8%). The prevalence of occurrence of the components of the MetS was not significantly different among male and female patients except for WC, BMI and reduced serum HDL-C where women were at a significantly higher risk than men (P≤0.00.). The current study showed that income was associated with elevated diastolic blood pressure (BP), secondary education and years lived with diabetes were associated with elevated TG, while occupation showed some association with high WHR. Additionally Gender, marital status and type of residence were associated with elevated HDL while education, family history of diabetes and alcohol intake was associated with obesity. The prevalence of the MetS and associated cardiovascular risk among Type 2 Diabetes patients was high and similar among males and females. Enhanced surveillance on Mets and associated cardiovascular risk in Type 2 Diabetes in addition to application of preventive measures are critical in order to reduce the risk of macro vascular complications as well as increased cardiovascular risks in Type 2 Diabetes patients.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%