Association of Micro RNA and Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction: A Review

Abstract

: Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction (POCD) refers to the condition of neurocognitive decline following a surgery in a cognitive and sensory manner. There are several risk factors, which may be life-threatening for this condition. Neuropsychological assessment of this condition is very important. In the present review, we discuss the association of apolipoprotein epsilon 4 (APOE ε4) and few miRNAs with POCD, and highlight the clinical importance for prognosis, diagnosis and treatment of POCD. Microarray is a genome analysis that can be used to determine DNA abnormalities. This current technique is rapid, efficient and high-throughout. Microarray techniques are widely used to diagnose diseases, particularly in genetic disorder, chromosomal abnormalities, mutations, infectious diseases and disease-relevant biomarkers. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of noncoding RNA that are widely found distributed in eukaryotes. Few miRNAs influence the nervous system development, and nerve damage repair. Microarray approach can be utilized to understand the miRNAs involved and its pathways in POCD development, unleashing its potential to be considered as a diagnostic marker for POCD. This paper summarizes and identifies the studies that use microarray based approaches for POCD analysis. Since the application of microarray in POCD is expanding, there is a need to review the current knowledge of this approach.

Circadian Disruption and Occupational Toxicants Exposure Affecting the Immunity of Shift Workers During SARS CoV-2 Pandemic

“…Gene expression and protein production, which peak and trough according to the time of day, are regulated at the molecular level. This is accomplished by using two transcription-translation oscillator loops that can up-regulate and down-regulate gene expression in the nucleus and counter-regulate one another, resulting in the 24-h cycle ( 45 – 47 ).…”

Microarray Analysis Identifies Key Differentially Expressed Circular RNAs in Aged Mice With Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction

“…As in psychiatric dysfunctions such as schizophrenia (Xu et al, 2013), deregulation of miRNAs is involved in neurodegenerative abnormalities such as Parkinson's disease (PD) and AD as well (Esteller, 2011). Previous studies have reported a significant correlation that supports the role of miRNAs in POCD (Yu et al, 2015;Wei et al, 2017;Chen et al, 2019;Yazit et al, 2020). Salmena et al (2011) proposed the ceRNA hypothesis, suggesting that circRNAs interact with miRNAs to modulate gene expression at the transcriptional or posttranscriptional level.…”

Electroacupuncture for the Prevention of Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction Among Older Adults Undergoing Hip and Knee Arthroplasty: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

“…Meanwhile, additional diseases and poor basal functional status of elderly patients lead to an increased incidence of POCD (3). As previously reported, the prevalence of POCD ranged from 25 to 40% among elderly patients (4). POCD is a neurological dysfunction, characterized by the continuous decline of cognitive performance after surgical anesthesia, including disturbances in consciousness, orientation, thinking, memory, and executive function.…”