Association of maternal serum vitamin D level with preeclampsia or eclampsia and its relationship with neonatal outcome and neonatal serum calcium level

Abstract

Background: Vitamin D deficiency has been associated with various poor maternal and fetal outcome and is proposed to be important in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia. The aim of the study was to evaluate the serum vitamin-D levels in normal pregnant females and pre-eclampsia or eclampsia individuals in the third trimester admitted for termination or in labour and to assess the neonatal outcome and neonatal serum calcium levels of babies born to mother in both the groups.Methods: This study was a prospective comparative study carried out on the pregnant women in the third trimester admitted for termination or in labour. 100 pregnant females with either pre-eclampsia or eclampsia were compared with equal number of normotensive pregnant females for serum vitamin D. They were followed up until delivery and subsequently neonatal serum calcium level was estimated.Results: Most pregnant females had vitamin D deficiency pointing towards universal prevalence. Only 10% had suboptimal to optimal vitamin D level while 90% had vitamin deficiency. The hypertensive group had lower mean serum vitamin D level (9.06±5.20 ng/ml) as compared to normotensive group (13.67±7.24 ng/ml). Neonatal outcome was poorer in the hypertensive group. Neonates born to hypertensive mothers had lower mean calcium level (8.30±1.46mg/dl) when compared to those born to normotensive mothers (8.82±0.918mg/dl).Conclusion: The study findings revealed that there lies a consistent association of maternal serum vitamin D deficiency with the hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and neonatal morbidity.

Association of Deficiency of Maternal Vitamin D Levels with Severity of Preeclampsia

“…In terms of age, BMI, Mean gestational age there was no difference in the study and control group indicating that they were comparable. Similarly, Sahu M et al (2017) 13 and Goel P et al (2016) 14 observed no significant difference in their age group. Like our study, Goel P et al (2016) 14…”

“…(2019), 23 Choudhary N et al (2018), 24 Sahu M et al (2017), 13 Baror S et al (2017), 16 Kumari A et al (2017), 25 Goel P et al (2016), 14 Sadin B et al (2015), 21 Singla et al (2015) 26 and Bakacak et al (2015). 15 Our study also demonstrated that though vitamin D deficiency was common in all antenatal patients but it was significantly more prevalent in preeclamptic women.…”

Maternal vitamin D levels in patients with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy

“…Nearly, 95% and 85% of the women among case and control group respectively were deficient in vitamin D. Similar results were reported by Rimpi Singla et al [9] in their study. Mahija Sahu et al [10] in their study revealed that 75% of the patients in the hypertensive group with either preeclampsia or eclampsia were found to have very severe deficiency (<5 ng/ml) as compared to 25% of those in the healthy normotensive group. Robinson et al [11] carried out a study to assess the levels of total 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OH-D) at diagnosis of early-onset severe preeclampsia and found reduced total 25-OH-D levels in comparison to healthy controls (P <0.01).…”

Maternal vitamin D levels in hypertensive disorders of pregnancy

“…Sahu et al conducted a similar study where the mean serum vitamin D level was 9.06±5.20 ng/ml in diseased group as compared to 13.67±7.24 ng/ml in healthy pregnant group which was statistically significant (p<0.05) and exactly similar to the present study. 6 Mehta et al conducted a study also concluded vitamin D level is lower in women with HDP as compared to healthy pregnancy women also the level of vitamin D decreases with severity of HDP. 7 Similar to current study, Gupta et al found more incidence of severe vitamin D deficiency (90%) in preeclamptic patients as compared to normotensive patients (62%).…”