Association of Long-term Exposure to Airborne Particulate Matter of 1 μm or Less With Preterm Birth in China

Abstract

IMPORTANCE Airborne particulate matter pollution has been associated with preterm birth (PTB) in some studies. However, most of these studies assessed only populations living near monitoring stations, and the association of airborne particulate matter having a median diameter of 1 μm or less (PM 1) with PTB has not been studied. OBJECTIVE To evaluate whether PM 1 concentrations are associated with the risk of PTB. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This national cohort study used National Free Preconception Health Examination Project data collected in 324 of 344 prefecture-level cities from 30 provinces of mainland China. In total, 1 300 342 healthy singleton pregnancies were included from women who were in labor from

Risk of particulate matter on birth outcomes in relation to maternal socio-economic factors: a systematic review

“…Finer categorization of education level appears to be useful to examine if the risk in infants of mothers with mid-level (e.g. secondary) education is higher than the risk in infants of mothers with primary or tertiary education as previously observed by Wang et al (Wang et al 2018). Even though education categories are not completely consistent among studies, quantitative risk combination would become possible for simple categories of educational attainment (e.g.…”

“…Among them, 1 study conducted in Georgia had categories of less than high school (<9th), some high school (9-11th), completed high school (12th), some college (<4 years), and completed college or more (4 years) (Hao et al 2016), whereas the other 4 studies had categories of less than high school (<9th), high school (9-12th), some college (<4 years), and completed college or more (4 years) (Laurent et al 2014, Padula et al 2014, Wu et al 2016, Ng et al 2017. Studies in China (Wang et al 2018) and Rome, Italy (Schifano et al 2013) categorized education level considering education lower than primary school as well as primary school. Some other studies (e.g.…”

Long‐Term Effects of Ambient Particulate Matter (With an Aerodynamic Diameter ≤2.5 μm) on Hypertension and Blood Pressure and Attributable Risk Among Reproductive‐Age Adults in China

“…Overall, 39 348 119 reproductive‐age (20–49 years) participants participated in this program between 2010 and 2015 and were eligible for this study when excluding individuals with missing data that were used to estimate air pollution exposure or used in the concentration‐response relationship analysis. Detailed project‐related design, organization, and implementation have been previously described . The research proposal was approved by the ethics committee of National Research Institute for Health and Family Planning.…”

“…Detailed project-related design, organization, and implementation have been previously described. [17][18][19][20] The research proposal was approved by the ethics committee of National Research Institute for Health and Family Planning. All participants provided written informed consent.…”

Addressing Pollution‐Related Global Environmental Health Burdens

“…At an international level, the Minimata Convention signed in 2013 implemented a global agreement to reduce the emissions of the harmful toxicant mercury into the environment from multiple sources. The Paris Climate Agreement goal of significantly modulating global net carbon emissions will result in multiple positive benefits for environmental and human health especially from the likely reduction in particulate matter for which there appears no safe level of exposure (Wang et al, ). Indeed, perhaps most concerning is that there is not only no safe lower level of exposure for a range of common environmental toxic pollutants but that their effect on human health is “proportionately greater at the lowest dose or levels of exposure” (Lanphear, ).…”