Association of Leptin with Body Pain in Women

Younger, Jarred; Kapphahn, Kristopher; Brennan, Kathleen; Sullivan, Shannon D.; Stefanick, Marcia L.

doi:10.1089/jwh.2015.5509

Cited by 42 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…A number of proposed pathways can explain the association between body fat and musculoskeletal pain, including the up-regulation of cytokines secreted by adipose tissue, referred to as adipokines. Leptin, a pro-inflammatory adipokine predominately expressed by subcutaneous adipose tissue [ 61 ] is associated with bodily pain in women [ 62 ] and leptin levels in both serum [ 63 ] and synovial fluid [ 64 ] are associated with osteoarthritis, particularly in women. Leptin has functional receptors on articular chondrocytes, and may be involved with cartilage generation [ 65 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The association between body fat and musculoskeletal pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Walsh

Arnold

Evans

et al. 2018

BMC Musculoskelet Disord

107

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BackgroundObesity and musculoskeletal pain are strongly related, but there is emerging evidence that body fat, not body weight, may be a better indicator of risk. There is, therefore, a need to determine if body fat is associated with musculoskeletal pain as it may improve management strategies. The aim of this systematic review was to investigate the association between body fat and musculoskeletal pain.MethodsSeven electronic databases were searched from inception to 8th January 2018. Cross-sectional and longitudinal studies investigating the association between measures of body fat and musculoskeletal pain were included. All included articles were assessed for methodological rigour using the Epidemiology Appraisal Instrument. Standardised mean differences (SMDs) and effect estimates were pooled for meta-analysis.ResultsA total of 10,221 citations were identified through the database searching, which after abstract and full-text review, yielded 28 unique articles. Fourteen studies were included in the meta-analyses, which found significant cross-sectional associations between total body fat mass and widespread pain (SMD 0.49, 95% CI 0.37–0.61, p < 0.001). Individuals with low-back pain and knee pain had a higher body fat percentage than asymptomatic controls (SMD 0.34, 95% CI 0.17–0.52, p < 0.001 and SMD 0.18, 95% CI 0.05–0.32, p = 0.009, respectively). Fat mass index was significantly, albeit weakly, associated with foot pain (SMD 0.05, 95% CI 0.03–0.06, p < 0.001). Longitudinal studies (n = 8) were unsuitable for meta-analysis, but were largely indicative of elevated body fat increasing the risk of incident and worsening joint pain. There was conflicting evidence for an association between body fat percentage and incident low-back pain (3 studies, follow-up 4–20 years). Increasing knee pain (1 study) and incident foot pain (2 studies) were positively associated with body fat percentage and fat mass index. The percentage of items in the EAI graded as ‘yes’ for each study ranged from 23 to 85%, indicating variable methodological quality of the included studies.ConclusionsThis systematic review and meta-analysis identified positive cross-sectional associations between increased body fat and widespread and single-site joint pain in the low-back, knee and foot. Longitudinal studies suggest elevated body fat may infer increased risk of incident and worsening joint pain, although further high-quality studies are required.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s12891-018-2137-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The association between body fat and musculoskeletal pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Walsh

Arnold

Evans

et al. 2018

BMC Musculoskelet Disord

107

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“…Leptin levels were associated with self-reported pain and higher levels were indicative of more pain. 123 The increased levels of leptin could be responsible for the increased levels of cytokines that are also seen in FM.…”

Section: Immune System Involvement In Chronic Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immune system involvement in specific pain conditions

2017

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Chronic pain is a significant problem worldwide and is the most common disability in the United States. It is well known that the immune system plays a critical role in the development and maintenance of many chronic pain conditions. The involvement of the immune system can be through the release of autoantibodies, in the case of rheumatoid arthritis, or via cytokines, chemokines, and other inflammatory mediators (i.e. substance P, histamine, bradykinin, tumor necrosis factor, interleukins, and prostaglandins). Immune cells, such as T cells, B cells and their antibodies, and microglia are clearly key players in immune-related pain. The purpose of this review is to briefly discuss the immune system involvement in pain and to outline how it relates to rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, fibromyalgia, complex regional pain syndrome, multiple sclerosis, and diabetic neuropathy. The immune system plays a major role in many debilitating chronic pain conditions and we believe that animal models of disease and their treatments should be more directly focused on these interactions.

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“…Several previous studies revealed that BIA was a reliable and valid technology for correlating musculoskeletal pain with BC (Iizuka et al 2015;Walsh et al 2018). The studies mainly focused on body fat or body muscle, and elevated body fat may confer increased risk of incident and worsening pain by a pro-inflammatory adipokine (leptin) or inflammatory mediators (e.g., tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6) (Sommer and Kress 2004;Younger et al 2016). In another study (Iizuka et al 2015), total body water was reported as a factor associated with upper extremity pain, but only total body water ratio, not that associated with pain sites, was studied.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation of Pressure Pain Threshold with Segmental Water Content among Female Farmers

Kang

Shin

Kang

2019

Tohoku J. Exp. Med.

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Body composition (BC) is related to the pathogenesis of musculoskeletal disease, especially research focused on the role of fat and muscle mass. This study aimed to identify the associations between the pressure pain threshold (PPT) and pain-related factors including BC. A total of 64 healthy farmers (21 males and 43 females) were recruited, and baseline data were analyzed cross-sectionally. Demographic characteristics (sex, age, marital status, education duration, current status of smoking and alcohol drinking, height, body weight, and underlying diseases) and a psychologic characteristic (a Korean version of the Beck Depression Inventory [BDI]) were assessed. Additionally, body composition analysis using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) was performed. PPT was measured by applying an increasing amount of blunt pressure using a 1 cm 2 hard rubber end at the thenar region of the right hand with a constant increase in pressure of 50 kPa/s. The PPT was measured on a single day, and the average value was used for analysis. The male group (67.00 ± 9.12 years) was older than the female group (62.21 ± 6.77 years; p = 0.021). In the body composition analysis, only segmental water of the right arm was positively related to PPT (β = 0.331, p = 0.030) in the multivariate linear regression analysis. In conclusion, hydration status was related to PPT with clinical implication that sufficient hydration could reduce the pain susceptibility. Thus, when assessing the painful condition, checking the hydration status could be helpful before the intensive treatment.

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Association of Leptin with Body Pain in Women

Cited by 42 publications

References 59 publications

The association between body fat and musculoskeletal pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis

The association between body fat and musculoskeletal pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Immune system involvement in specific pain conditions

Correlation of Pressure Pain Threshold with Segmental Water Content among Female Farmers

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