Association of Laribacter hongkongensis in community-acquired gastroenteritis with travel and eating fish: a multicentre case-control study

Woo, Patrick C. Y.; Lau, Susanna K. P.; Teng, Jade L. L.; Que, Tak-Lun; Yung, R; Luk, Wing Hang; Lai, Ronald; Hui, Wai-Ting; Wong, S.P.; Yau, Hon-hung; Yuen, Kwok‐Yung

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(04)16407-6

Cited by 84 publications

(127 citation statements)

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“…Subsequently, L. hongkongensis was discovered in three of our patients and three patients in Switzerland with community-acquired gastroenteritis (3). In a multicenter prospective study, we confirmed that L. hongkongensis is associated with community-acquired gastroenteritis and traveler's diarrhea (4). Freshwater fish were shown to be a reservoir of L. hongkongensis (4).…”

supporting

confidence: 68%

“…In a multicenter prospective study, we confirmed that L. hongkongensis is associated with community-acquired gastroenteritis and traveler's diarrhea (4). Freshwater fish were shown to be a reservoir of L. hongkongensis (4). The isolation of L. hongkongensis from patients who resided in or have recently traveled to Asia, Europe, America, and Africa implied that the bacterium is likely to be of global importance.…”

supporting

confidence: 54%

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Ecoepidemiology of Laribacter hongkongensis , a Novel Bacterium Associated with Gastroenteritis

et al. 2005

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In a territory-wide surveillance study, Laribacter hongkongensis was isolated solely from freshwater fish (60% of grass carps, 53% of bighead carps, and 25% of mud carps). Comparing the pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns of fish and patient isolates revealed that most patient isolates were clustered together, suggesting that some clones could be more virulent.Laribacter hongkongensis was first discovered in Hong Kong from the blood and empyema pus of a 54-year-old Chinese man with alcoholic cirrhosis (5). Subsequently, L. hongkongensis was discovered in three of our patients and three patients in Switzerland with community-acquired gastroenteritis (3). In a multicenter prospective study, we confirmed that L. hongkongensis is associated with community-acquired gastroenteritis and traveler's diarrhea (4). Freshwater fish were shown to be a reservoir of L. hongkongensis (4). The isolation of L. hongkongensis from patients who resided in or have recently traveled to Asia, Europe, America, and Africa implied that the bacterium is likely to be of global importance.In this study, in order to determine the prevalence of L. hongkongensis in different animals commonly used for cooking in our locality, we carried out an ecoepidemiology study in Hong Kong. Furthermore, to determine the genetic diversity of L. hongkongensis, all L. hongkongensis isolates were typed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). The PFGE patterns were compared to those of L. hongkongensis strains isolated from patients with gastroenteritis.Fecal swabs were obtained from 350 pigs and 80 cows, and cloacal swabs were obtained from 400 chickens, 50 ducks, and 50 geese from slaughter houses and poultry farms in Hong Kong with assistance from Veterinary Public Health Section of the Food and Environmental Hygiene Department. Three hundred and sixty freshwater fish (mostly farmed) of six different species and 360 marine fish of six different species commonly purchased for cooking in Hong Kong were obtained from 10 retail food markets (six fish per species per market) located in different districts of Hong Kong. Samples were obtained from the midguts and hindguts of the fish by using sterile cotton wool swabs. All samples were plated onto cefoperazone MacConkey agar and incubated under aerobic conditions at 37°C for 48 h (1). All suspected isolates were identified phenotypically by standard conventional biochemical methods (2). Isolates suspected to be L. hongkongensis were subjected to 16S rRNA gene sequencing (3, 4). All L. hongkongensis isolates were subjected to PFGE (3, 4). Digital images were stored electronically as TIFF files and analyzed visually and with GelCompar II (version 3.0; Applied Maths, Kortrijk, Belgium) by using the Dice coefficient and represented by the unweighted pair-group method using average linkages with 1% tolerance and 0.5% optimization settings.L. hongkongensis was isolated from the midguts and hindguts of 86 (24%) of 360 freshwater fish, including 36 (60%) grass carps, 32 (53%) bighead carps, 15 (25%) mud carps, and...

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confidence: 54%

Ecoepidemiology of Laribacter hongkongensis , a Novel Bacterium Associated with Gastroenteritis

et al. 2005

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“…With the whole genome sequencing data of more than 100 bacteria and archaea available, it has been noted that there are relatively small interoperon heterogeneities for 16S rDNAs. In our experience in 16S rDNA sequencing, both for the known species and novel genera and species, direct sequencing of the PCR products has always been successful (16,(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)30). In this study, when we first amplified the 16S rDNA of HKU15 T and sequenced the PCR product directly, it was repeatedly observed that the 5' end of the PCR product could not be sequenced clearly, with the presence of multiple peaks.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Anaerospora hongkongensis Gen. Nov. Sp. Nov., a Novel Genus and Species with Ribosomal DNA Operon Heterogeneity Isolated from an Intravenous Drug Abuser with Pseudobacteremia

Woo

Teng

Leung

et al. 2005

Microbiology and Immunology

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Since the discovery of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and DNA sequencing, comparison of the gene sequences of bacterial species has shown that the 16S rDNA is highly conserved within a species and among species of the same genus, and hence can be used as the new standard for classification of bacteria. Using this new standard, phylogenetic trees, based on base differences between species, are constructed; and bacteria are classified and re-classified into new genera. Recently, the use of this technique for the identification of bacterial strains with ambiguous biochemical profiles and the discovery of novel genera and species have been reported by us and other researchers (5-7, 10, 16, 18-30).Based on the results of 16S rDNA sequencing, major changes in the taxonomy of anaerobic Gram-negative bacteria have been made in recent years (2,4,9,11,15). At the moment, about 50 genera of anaerobic Gram-negative bacteria have been described, three of which were sporulated. In this study, we report the isolation of an anaerobic Gram-negative bacterial strain from the blood culture of an intravenous drug abuser. The strain, named HKU15 T , exhibited phenotypic characteristics that do not fit into patterns of any known genus and species. 16S rDNA sequencing showed that there was only about 90% base identity between the 16S rDNA of HKU15T and that of the most closely related species, Dendrosporobacter quercicolus (15). On the basis of these results we propose a new genus and species, Anaerospora hongkongensis gen. nov. sp. Abstract: A bacterium was isolated from the blood culture of an intravenous drug abuser with pseudobacteremia. The cells were strictly anaerobic, straight or slightly curved, sporulating, Gram-negative rods. It grew on sheep blood agar as non-hemolytic, pinpoint colonies after 48 hr of incubation at 37 C in an anaerobic environment. It was motile but did not produce catalase or cytochrome oxidase. 16S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) sequencing revealed three different copies of 16S rDNA sequences. More than 90% of the differences among them were due to differences in the lengths of the sequences. Phylogenetically, the bacterium is clustered with Dendrosporobacter, Sporomusa, and Propionispora, the other three genera of anaerobic, sporulating, Gram-negative rods. There were 8.6-11.1% differences between the 16S rDNA sequences of the bacterium and that of D. quercicolus, 4.7-15.1% differences between the 16S rDNA sequences of it and those of S. acidovorans, S. aerivorans, S. malonica, S. ovata, S. paucivorans, S. silvacetica, S. spaeroides, and S. termitida, and 7.6-13.1% differences between the 16S rDNA sequences of it and those of P. hippei and P. vibrioides. The G؉C content of the bacterium (mean؎SD) was 46.8؎3.2%. For these reasons, a new genus and species, Anaerospora hongkongensis gen. nov. sp. nov., is proposed, for which HKU15 T is the type strain. Anaerospora hongkongensis

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“…All Exophiala strains isolated from patients in this study were retrieved from the collection in the clinical microbiology laboratory at the Queen Mary Hospital in Hong Kong during a 15-year period (1998 to 2012). All clinical data were collected as described in our previous publication (18 Phenotypic characterization. All strains were inoculated onto Sabouraud dextrose agar (SDA) (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO) for fungal culture.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Spectrum of Exophiala Infections and a Novel Exophiala Species, Exophiala hongkongensis

et al. 2013

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We characterized 12 Exophiala strains isolated from patients over a 15-year period to the species level using phenotypic tests and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and Rpb1 sequencing and described the clinical spectrum of the 12 patients. Eight patients had nail or skin infections, two had invasive infections, and two had colonization of the gastrointestinal tract. ITS and Rpb1 sequencing showed that 11 of the 12 strains were known Exophiala species (E. oligosperma, and E. xenobiotica [n ‫؍‬ 1]), which included the first reported cases of onychomycosis caused by E. bergeri and E. oligosperma. The 12th strain (HKU32 T ), isolated from the nail clipping of the right big toe of a 68-year-old female patient with onychomycosis, possessed unique morphological characteristics distinct from other Exophiala species. It grew very slowly and had a velvety colony texture after 28 days, short conidiophores of the same olivaceous color as the supporting hyphae, numerous spores, and no chlamydospore-like cells. ITS, Rpb1, ␤-tubulin, and ␤-actin gene sequencing unambiguously showed that HKU32 T was clustered with but formed branches distinct from other Exophiala species in phylogenetic trees. We propose the new species Exophiala hongkongensis to describe this novel fungus.

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Association of Laribacter hongkongensis in community-acquired gastroenteritis with travel and eating fish: a multicentre case-control study

Cited by 84 publications

References 23 publications

Ecoepidemiology of Laribacter hongkongensis , a Novel Bacterium Associated with Gastroenteritis

Ecoepidemiology of Laribacter hongkongensis , a Novel Bacterium Associated with Gastroenteritis

Anaerospora hongkongensis Gen. Nov. Sp. Nov., a Novel Genus and Species with Ribosomal DNA Operon Heterogeneity Isolated from an Intravenous Drug Abuser with Pseudobacteremia

Clinical Spectrum of Exophiala Infections and a Novel Exophiala Species, Exophiala hongkongensis

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