Association of keratoconus with serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D and antioxidant trace elements: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Thakur, Bhaskar; Gupta, ParulChawla; Pathak, Mona; Fogla, Rajesh; Agarwal, Aniruddha; Ram, Jagat

doi:10.4103/ijo.ijo_3216_21

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…The meta-analysis by Gupta PC suggested that a low level of vitamin D can be associated with higher odds of severe keratoconus. Thus, routine monitoring of vitamin D levels and trace elements in KC patients at the time of diagnosis and during subsequent follow-up appointments could serve as a predictive measure for assessing disease severity [ 25 ].…”

Section: Keratoconus (Kc)mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Vitamin D3 in Ocular Diseases

Mrugacz,

Pieńczykowska,

Bryl

2024

Nutrients

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Vitamin D3 plays a vital role in numerous physiological processes within the human body, including having a positive effect on eye health. It is renowned for its immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and angiogenic properties. Its deficiency is evolving into a significant global challenge. In order to explain the connection between vitamin D3 and various ocular diseases, 84 relevant studies, mainly from the PubMed database, published in English between 1999 and 2024 were analyzed. Ocular tissues can activate and regulate vitamin D levels, which emphasizes the significance of this nutrient in maintaining eye homeostasis. While there is suggestive evidence for a probable association between vitamin D3 and ocular health, more robust research is needed to establish causation and inform clinical guidelines.

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Section: Keratoconus (Kc)mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Vitamin D3 in Ocular Diseases

Mrugacz,

Pieńczykowska,

Bryl

2024

Nutrients

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“…It can affect structural changes, such as stromal corneal haze and a topographical relative inferior teardrop steepening pattern, such as found in KC. Decreased Vitamin D serum levels have been associated with KC development and severity [35,36]. Similarly, elevated immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels are correlated to CE severity [37].…”

Section: Bloodmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ocular surface inflammation and ectatic corneal disorders

Erdinest

Wajnsztajn

London

et al. 2023

Current Opinion in Allergy &Amp; Clinical Immunology

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Purpose of review Inflammatory mediators are a focus of recent corneal ectasia (CE) research and are a profound, modifiable contributor to CE in general and keratoconus (KC) in particular, opening a path to explore new methods of control. As advanced imaging technology and expanded population screening allow for earlier detection, the possibility of early intervention can profoundly change the prognosis of CE. Recent findings Significant increases in the inflammatory mediators and immune components have been observed in the cornea, tear fluid, and blood of ectasia patients, while inflammation dampeners such as vitamin D and their receptors are reduced. Atopy and allergy have a strong association with KC, known to increase itch factors and stimulate eye rubbing, a risk factor in ectasia pathogenesis. Management of atopy or allergic conditions and topical anti-inflammatories has helped stabilize CE disease. Summary Strategies such as monitoring inflammatory factors and using immune or inflammatory modulators, including managing subclinical inflammation, may be clinically beneficial in stabilizing the disease and improving outcomes. The detected factors are biomarkers, but as yet unproven to be sensitive or specific enough to be considered biomarkers for early detection of CE. The establishment of such biomarkers could improve the therapeutic outcome.

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“…Patients with keratoconus, particularly those with progressive disease, are shown to have lower serum levels of vitamin D than the normal population. [ 61 - 63 ] Our group has shown decreased expression of VDR in epithelium over the ectatic zones of cornea in keratoconus. [ 64 ] We further demonstrated that vitamin D addition helps induce VDR in epithelial cells under oxidative stress.…”

Section: Vitamin D and Keratoconusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin D and eye: Current evidence and practice guidelines

Gorimanipalli

Shetty

Sethu

et al. 2023

Indian Journal of Ophthalmology

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Vitamin D is a steroid hormone that has widespread role in human physiology, not only in the maintenance of calcium homeostasis but also in immunomodulation, cellular differentiation, and proliferation. The immunomodulatory effects of vitamin D are well known and are applicable to the ocular surface immune cells and structural cells. The role of vitamin D in ocular surface conditions such as dry eye disease (DED), keratoconus (KC), and post-surgical outcomes has received widespread and well-deserved attention. Vitamin D supplementation is shown to improve DED clinically as well as in experimental models. The anti-inflammatory properties may be crucial in the treatment of ocular surface conditions such as DED and KC. Vitamin D plays a multifaceted role in corneal wound healing with its anti-inflammatory and extracellular matrix remodeling properties. In this review, we discuss how to approach patients with DED and those undergoing refractive surgery with the available basic and clinical knowledge on the role of vitamin D in these conditions. We aim to highlight the importance of clinically harnessing vitamin D-mediated natural immuno-inflammatory modulation in combination with currently available standard of care strategies to reduce the morbidity and disease duration associated with ocular surface diseases.

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Association of keratoconus with serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D and antioxidant trace elements: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Cited by 5 publications

References 44 publications

The Role of Vitamin D3 in Ocular Diseases

The Role of Vitamin D3 in Ocular Diseases

Ocular surface inflammation and ectatic corneal disorders

Vitamin D and eye: Current evidence and practice guidelines

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