Association of JC Virus T-Antigen Expression With the Methylator Phenotype in Sporadic Colorectal Cancers

DNA methylation pattern is altered in childhood T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients as compared with normal thymic subsets: insights into CpG island methylator phenotype in T-ALL

“…These results indicate that methylation frequency might differ significantly between studies. This is in line with findings of methylation studies carried out in other diseases, especially in colorectal cancer, 13 which is the most comprehensively studied malignancy for DNA methylation, and might be regarded as a model of epigenetic events in tumorigenesis. 14 We suggest that methylation frequency discrepancies could be attributed to age differences between analyzed T-ALL groups that is, reflecting T-ALL-specific age-dependent methylation patterns.…”

Viral epigenomes in human tumorigenesis

“…However, a wide range of reports have indicated the presence of viral genomic sequences in multiple human cancers such as osteosarcomas, mesotheliomas, brain tumors, gliomas, medulloblastomas, colorectal carcinomas and skin cancers (Table 1) (Goel et al, 2006;McCabe et al, 2006;Feng et al, 2008;Jiang et al, 2009).…”

“…T antigens are largely responsible for these alterations, and may interact with HATs (p300 and CBP) to enhance or repress gene expression (DeCaprio, 2009), or may induce aberrant methylation, possibly mediated by DNMTs (McCabe et al, 2006), in host gene promoters in several tumor types (Li et al, 2005;Goel et al, 2006).…”

CpG Methylation Analysis—Current Status of Clinical Assays and Potential Applications in Molecular Diagnostics

“…147 JC virus T antigen expression is also associated with widespread CpG methylation referred to as CIMP in colorectal cancer. 148 Dysregulation of DNA methyltranferases may be responsible, at least in part, for the effects of viruses on host gene promoter methylation. 146,149 The first protein ever shown to bind to and activate a methylated promoter was a virally encoded factor, demonstrating that viruses have evolved mechanisms to overcome methylation to their selective advantage.…”