Association of Intraocular Pressure and Myopia in Children

Quinn, Graham E.; Berlin, Jesse A.; Young, Terri L.; Ziylan, Sule; Stone, Richard A.

doi:10.1016/s0161-6420(95)31038-x

Cited by 87 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Supporting this hypothesis is the association between elevated intraocular pressure and myopia development in infants and children (Abdalla et al, 1970;Perkins andPhelps, 1982 andDavid et al, 1985;Jensen, 1992;Quinn et al, 1995) as well as the finding that scleral changes associated with myopia development are limited to the posterior poles of human and animal eyes, a region where scleral stresses are greatest (Greene, 1991;Rada et al, 1994). Previous studies suggest roles for proteoglycans, MMP-2, MMP-14 and TIMP-2 in scleral extracellular matrix remodeling events associated with eye growth under normal conditions, as well as under conditions leading to the development of myopia (reviewed in Rada et al, 2006;Brown et al, 1994;McBrien et al, 2000;Schippert, 2006).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Effects of cyclic mechanical stretch on extracellular matrix synthesis by human scleral fibroblasts

Shelton

Rada

2007

Experimental Eye Research

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In order to understand the effect of mechanical strain on scleral extracellular matrix remodeling, human scleral fibroblasts were subjected to equibiaxial stretch in vitro and the expression of proteoglycans, metalloproteinases (MMPs) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2 (TIMP-2) were evaluated.Isolated human scleral fibroblasts were seeded onto flexible bottom culture plates, and subjected to a cyclic stretch regimen of 15% equibiaxial stretch for 45 seconds followed by 15 seconds of rest for 6 -48 hours in the presence of 35 SO 4 . Newly synthesized proteoglycans were measured in the medium by CPC precipitation of radiolabelled glycosaminoglycans. MMP-2 activity and expression levels were measured in the medium by, Western blot, gel zymography and real-time PCR. Steady state levels of TIMP-2 mRNA and membrane-type MMP, MT1-MMP (MMP-14) mRNA were measured in the cell layer using real-time PCR.The predominant gelatinolytic enzyme secreted by scleral fibroblasts was the pro-enzyme form of MMP-2 (ProMMP-2). Mechanical stretch resulted in a significant increase of ProMMP-2 after 12 and 48 hours (+76.28%, p < 0.05; +19.56%, p < 0.01, respectively). Mechanical stretch significantly increased the production of the active form of MMP-2 (ActiveMMP-2) after 48 hours (+59.72%, p < 0.05) and decreased levels of TIMP-2 mRNA (−22%, p < 0.05). The rate of scleral proteoglycan synthesis and the steady state levels of MMP-2 and MMP-14 mRNA were not significantly affected by mechanical stretch.These results suggest that mechanical strain stimulates the activation of MMP-2 by scleral fibroblasts, possibly through increased levels of ProMMP-2 and reduced levels of TIMP-2. Increased levels of ActiveMMP-2 in the sclera would be expected to contribute to scleral extracellular matrix degradation, scleral thinning and possible ocular ectasia.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Effects of cyclic mechanical stretch on extracellular matrix synthesis by human scleral fibroblasts

Shelton

Rada

2007

Experimental Eye Research

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“…1 An association between intraocular pressure (IOP) and refractive error has been reported in children, young adults and presbyopic adults. [2][3][4] Most population based studies in adults have found significant relation between intraocular pressure and myopia, although disputed by a few clinical based studies. [4][5][6] This study aims to find out the association between intraocular pressure and myopia in an adult healthy population containing emmetropes, low myopes, moderate myopes and high myopic individuals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A study on association between intraocular pressure and myopia

et al. 2016

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“…Axial length is considered to be the most important factor in both myopia and hyperopia. The role of intraocular pressure (IOP) in the excessive eye growth that underlies myopia development has been the subject of many investigations (Jensen 1992;Quinn et al 1995;Lee et al 2004), but the nature and extent of its influence remains poorly understood.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A study comparing ocular pressure pulse and ocular fundus pulse in dependence of axial eye length and ocular volume

Berisha

Findl

Lasta

et al. 2010

Acta Ophthalmologica

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ABSTRACT.Purpose: There is a long-standing discussion about whether myopia is associated with decreased choroidal blood flow, as suggested by pneumotonometric measurements of pulsatile ocular blood flow (POBF). However, it has been noted previously that calculations of POBF depend on intraocular volume. Methods: In the present study we investigated this volume dependence through the comparison of ocular pressure pulse and ocular fundus pulse. Fifty-one healthy participants with different refractive errors participated in the study. Pulse amplitude (PA) and POBF were measured using pneumotonometry. Fundus pulsation amplitude (FPA) was measured with laser interferometry. Axial eye length (AEL) was measured with partial coherence interferometry. A mathematical model was used to calculate choroidal volume changes based on FPA. The ocular pressure pulse was converted into pulse volume (PV) according to the standard procedure used for pneumotonometry. Results: PA and POBF were found to decrease with increasing axial length (r = )0.55, p < 0.001 and r = )0.57, p < 0.001, respectively). A similar relationship existed for PV (r = )0.57, p < 0.001) and FPA (r = )0.46, p = 0.001). In addition, there was a significant association between PV and choroidal volume change during the cardiac cycle (r = 0.61, p < 0.001). Conclusion: The present study confirms experimentally that PA, FPA and POBF are dependent on ocular volume and indicates that the pulsatile component of ocular blood flow is not reduced in myopic patients. Accordingly, the relationship between AEL and POBF described previously appears to be a consequence of different ocular volumes. Our findings have important implications for studies using PA or POBF.

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Association of Intraocular Pressure and Myopia in Children

Cited by 87 publications

References 25 publications

Effects of cyclic mechanical stretch on extracellular matrix synthesis by human scleral fibroblasts

Effects of cyclic mechanical stretch on extracellular matrix synthesis by human scleral fibroblasts

A study on association between intraocular pressure and myopia

A study comparing ocular pressure pulse and ocular fundus pulse in dependence of axial eye length and ocular volume

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