Association of intersection approach speed with driver characteristics, vehicle type and traffic conditions comparing urban and suburban areas

The Influence of Contributory Factors on Driving Violations at Intersections: An Exploratory Analysis

“…Male drivers were involved in 53% of driving violations ( = 3031) and female in about 47% ( = 2648). Young drivers (ages [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24] were engaged in 30% of driving violations ( = 1696) and old drivers (ages 65+) in approximately 13% ( = 769). About 44% of driving violations ( = 2511) occurred in the urban settings, and 17% of driving violations ( = 982) took place in rural environment.…”

“…In this study, the unknown specific distraction type or inattention was included as a variable as well as other four distraction types. In the light of the findings [18,24], urban and rural environments play an important role in driving violation, especially for older drivers. Hence, both were also considered in this analysis with the urban area classified as an area with a population greater than 50,000 people.…”

“…Males are more likely to commit driving violation than females [24,26]. Gender was therefore treated as a contributory factor in our analysis.…”

“…In our study, we had two levels in road surface conditions (dry pavement or poor surface condition) and two lighting levels: daylight or nondaylight. Traffic signals (i.e., traffic light status and signal warning flasher) have been confirmed to be the contributor to speeding and red light running violation [24,28]. Together with traffic signals, stop sign were regarded as the explanatory factors, because the poor visibility of stop sign due to traffic condition (e.g., percentage of large size vehicle) makes the driver more likely to fail to stop [18,29].…”

“…Nallet et al [19] concluded that frequently or fairly frequently exceeding speed limit by 10 km/h distinctly increased crash occurrence rate, and most of these violators did not realize the potential danger. Research by Liu [24] had shown that traffic light status was the highest contributor to speeding at intersections by examining and comparing with site, rush-hour status, vehicle type, and driver gender.…”