Association of infectivity, parasitaemia and virulence in a serodeme of Trypanosoma congolense

Joshua, R.A.

doi:10.1016/0304-4017(90)90042-a

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Trypanosoma vivax infections may have been eliminated by the isolation method used which involved sub-inoculation of mice. There is evidence that wild isolates of T. vivax fail to develop and establish in mice (Eisler et al 2004), whilst the Nannomonas subgenus, to which T. congolense belongs, has been shown to grow readily in laboratory rodents (Joshua 1990;Morrison et al 2010). In the present study, molecular analysis has confirmed the identity of 26 isolates belonging to T. congolense.…”

Section: Comparison and Geographical Distribution Of Virulent Strainsupporting

confidence: 72%

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Virulence of Trypanosoma congolense strains isolated from cattle and African buffaloes (Syncerus caffer) in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

Motloang

Masumu

Mans

et al. 2014

Onderstepoort J Vet Res

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Trypanosoma congolense and Trypanosoma vivax are major species that infect cattle in north-eastern KwaZulu-Natal (KZN), South Africa. Of the two genetically distinct types of T. congolense, Savannah and Kilifi sub-groups, isolated from cattle and tsetse flies in KZN, the former is more prevalent and thought to be responsible for African animal trypanosomosis outbreaks in cattle. Furthermore, variation in pathogenicity within the Savannah sub-group is ascribed to strain differences and seems to be related to geographical locations. The objective of the present study was to compare the virulence of T. congolense strains isolated from African buffaloes (Syncerus caffer) inside Hluhluwe-iMfolozi Park, and from cattle on farms near wildlife parks (< 5 km), to isolates from cattle kept away (> 10 km) from parks. To obtain T. congolense isolates, blood of known parasitologically positive cattle or cattle symptomatically suspect with trypanosomosis, as well as isolates from buffaloes kept inside Hluhluwe-iMfolozi Park were passaged in inbred BALB/c mice. A total of 26 T. congolense isolates were obtained: 5 from buffaloes, 13 from cattle kept near parks and 8 from cattle distant from parks. Molecular characterisation revealed 80% and 20% of isolates to belong to T. congolense Savannah and Kilifi, respectively. To compare virulence, each isolate was inoculated into a group of six mice. No statistical differences were observed in the mean pre-patent period, maximum parasitaemia or drop in packed cell volume (PCV). Significant differences were found in days after infection for the drop in PCV, the patent period and the survival time. These differences were used to categorise the isolates as being of high, moderate or low virulence. Based on the virulence, 12 of 26 (46%) isolates were classified as highly virulent and 27% each as either of moderate or of low virulence. Whilst 11 of 12 high virulent strains were from buffaloes or cattle near the park, only 1 of 7 low virulent strains was from these animals. All the Kilifi T. congolense types were less virulent than the Savannah types. These results confirmed the higher virulence of T. congolense Savannah type compared to Kilifi type and indicated the prevalence of highly virulent strains to be higher in wildlife parks and in cattle near the parks than on farms further away. The geographical location of these strains in relation to the wildlife parks in the area was discussed.

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Section: Comparison and Geographical Distribution Of Virulent Strainsupporting

confidence: 72%

“…African trypanosomes exhibit a wide range of virulence in vertebrate hosts (Joshua 1990). Nonetheless, the range and severity of pathological effects are influenced by a range of variables …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Virulence of Trypanosoma congolense strains isolated from cattle and African buffaloes (Syncerus caffer) in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

Motloang

Masumu

Mans

et al. 2014

Onderstepoort J Vet Res

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“…and it correlated with high peak of parasitaemia. This investigation showed that, rabbits were susceptible to freshly isolated T. congolense infection and that anaemia produced from trypanosome infection in rabbits may be related to the level of parasitaemia, however, parasiteemia fluctuated at intervals as described by Joshua (1990). The increase serum sodium concentration may therefore, be due to the failure of Zona glomerulosa of the adrenal cortex to produce aldosterone hormone that regulates sodium in the extracellular fluid (Ogunsanmi et al, 1984;Zilva and Pannal, 1984).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The micro-minerals composition in serum of rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) infected with Trypanosoma congolense

Ameen¹

2011

Afr. J. Biotechnol.

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Sixteen (16) rabbits aged between 6 to 12 months were infected with fresh stock of Trypanosoma congolense (Gboko strain) intravenously at the rate of 1.0 × 10 6 /ml. Animals were classified into two groups; groups A were infected, while group B served as uninfected controls. Samples from the infected and the uninfected controls showed a significant increase in the levels of sodium (Na +), calcium (Ca 2+), phosphate (PO 4 2-) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) (P < 0.05) and a significant decline in the levels of potassium (K +) and bicarbonate (HCO 3 2-) (P < 0.05). Therefore, the alterations in the compositions of these micro-minerals in the serum of rabbits may suggest that, they could have a role in the pathogenesis of trypanosomosis due to T. congolense infection.

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Transmissibility, by Glossina morsitans morsitans, of Trypanosoma congolense strains during the acute and chronic phases of infection

2010

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Association of infectivity, parasitaemia and virulence in a serodeme of Trypanosoma congolense

Cited by 4 publications

References 10 publications

Virulence of <i>Trypanosoma congolense</i> strains isolated from cattle and African buffaloes (<i>Syncerus caffer</i>) in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

Virulence of <i>Trypanosoma congolense</i> strains isolated from cattle and African buffaloes (<i>Syncerus caffer</i>) in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

The micro-minerals composition in serum of rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) infected with Trypanosoma congolense

Transmissibility, by Glossina morsitans morsitans, of Trypanosoma congolense strains during the acute and chronic phases of infection

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