Association of High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein and Alcohol Consumption on Metabolic Syndrome in Korean Men

Abstract

Background: This study aimed to examine the effect of both alcohol consumption and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) on metabolic syndrome (MetS) in Korean men. Methods: A cohort of 364 men included in this study was divided into four groups according to the amount of alcohol they consumed: the nondrinkers (ND), low moderate drinkers (LM, ≤7 standard drinks per week), high moderate drinkers (HM, 7 to 14 drinks per week), and heavy drinkers (HD, >14 drinks per week). Logistic regression analyses were performed after adjusting for age, exercise, and smoking. Results: The risk of MetS in the LM group with a high hsCRP level (1.0 or more mg/dL) was not significant. However, the risks of MetS were significantly higher in the HM and HD groups with high hsCRP levels than that in the ND group. The odds ratios of MetS in the HM and HD groups with high hsCRP levels were 3.44 (95% confidence interval (CI), 1.25–9.52) and 3.14 (95% CI, 1.07–9.23), respectively. Conclusion: This study suggests that the risk of MetS is higher in men who consume more than seven drinks a week with high hsCRP levels than that in nondrinkers.

Evaluation of C-Reactive Protein and Methaemoglobin of Alcoholics Resident in Bayelsa State

“…The C-reactive protein is a protein that is produced by the liver cells as part of inflammatory response, it plays a vital role in the inflammatory process by involving opsonization and activation of the complement system in response to IL-6 secretion 3 . The findings showed that C-reactive protein was significantly reduced in occasional alcohol and moderate alcohol consumer groups when compared to the control (non-alcohol consumers) but slightly elevated in the heavy alcohol consumer group indicating a j-shape pattern a contrast to the observed effect in methaemoglobin which was significantly increased when control was compared to Group 4 (heavy alcohol consumers) and Group 3 (moderate alcohol consumers) but significantly reduced when compared to Group 2 (occasional alcohol consumers).…”

“…The C-reactive protein is a protein that is developed as an inflammatory response by hepatic cells and plays a critical role in the inflammatory process by opsonizing and activating the complementary system in response to IL-6 secretions 3 . Few data on possible associations between inflammatory markers and alcohol consumption are currently available.…”

Alcohol and the Brain–Gut Axis: The Involvement of Microglia and Enteric Glia in the Process of Neuro-Enteric Inflammation

“…One study showed that a single binge of alcohol prepped microglia for activation, and a double binge activated them to release tumor necrosis factor (TNFα) [50,54]. Another study reported that the systemic inflammation biomarker highly sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) increased only in men with binge alcohol drinking but not in the women cohort [55][56][57]. It has also been demonstrated that microglial cells attain a distinct morphological status in response to a variety of stimuli.…”